6CrW2Si Tool Steel
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6CrW2Si tool steel is a versatile alloy tool steel suitable for both cold and hot working applications, characterized by its impact toughness and wear resistance. Compared to the 4CrW2Si and 5CrW2Si grades, 6CrW2Si typically achieves higher hardness after quenching and exhibits better strength at elevated temperatures.
1. Chemical Composition(GB/ T 1299—2000)
| C | Si | Mn | Cr | W | P | S |
| 0.55 ~ 0.65 | 0.50 ~ 0.80 | ≤0.40 | 1.10 ~ 1.30 | 2.20 ~ 2.70 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 |
2. Critical Point Temperature of 6CrW2Si
| Critical Point | Ac₁ | Ac₃ | Ms |
| Temperature (Approx. Value) /°C | 775 | 810 | 280 |
3. Forging Process Specification for 6CrW2Si Steel
| Item | Heating Temperature/°C | Initial Forging Temperature/°C | Final Forging Temperature/°C | Cooling |
| Steel Ingot | 1170 ~ 1200 | 1150 ~ 1180 | ≥850 | Slow Cooling |
| Steel Billet | 1150 ~ 1170 | 1100 ~ 1140 | ≥800 | Slow Cooling |
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4. Heat Treatment for 6CrW2Si Steel
1) Preheating of 6CrW2Si
| Preliminary Heat Treatment Plan | Process Parameters |
| Post-forging General Annealing | Heating temperature is 800 ~ 820°C, hold for 3 ~ 5h, furnace cool to below 550°C, then air cool. Hardness is 229~285HBW. Microstructure is granular pearlite + small amount of carbides. |
| High-temperature Tempering Process | Heating temperature is 700 ~ 730°C, hold for 2 ~ 4h, furnace cool to below 500°C then air cool. The purpose is to improve the machinability of the steel. |
2) Quenching of 6CrW2Si
| Quenching Temperature/°C | Quenching Cooling Medium | Quenching Cooling Medium Temperature/°C | Cool to | Hardness HRC |
| 860 ~ 900 | Oil | 20 ~ 40 | Oil Temperature | ≥57 |
3) Tempering of 6CrW2Si
① Tempering Process Specification
| Purpose | Tempering Temperature/°C | Heating Medium | Cooling Medium | Hardness HRC |
| Eliminate internal stress and stabilize microstructure | 200 ~ 250 | Oil or molten salt | Air | 53 ~ 58 |
| Reduce hardness and eliminate internal stress | 430 ~ 470 | Air furnace or molten salt, saltpeter | Air | 45 ~ 50 |
② Relationship between Hardness and Tempering Temperature
| Tempering Temperature/°C | Not Tempered | 100 | 200 | 300 | 400 | 500 | 550 | 600 |
| Hardness HRC | 59 | 58 | 56 | 53 | 49 | 42 | 38 | 35 |
Note: 880°C oil quenched.
5. Mechanical Properties
6CrW2Si steel possesses relatively high toughness, high as-quenched hardness, a certain degree of high-temperature strength, and high fatigue strength. It exhibits slight temper brittleness when tempered in the range of 300-350°C. The hardness can reach 54-56 HRC after tempering at 250°C, and 50-52 HRC after tempering at 450°C. This steel’s resistance to tempering and its wear resistance are slightly superior to those of 5CrW2Si steel, but its toughness is comparatively lower.
Chromium-tungsten-silicon (Cr-W-Si) series steels demonstrate high sensitivity to decarburization, and their quenching deformation is difficult to control. Under abrasive wear conditions, they show insufficient wear resistance, and their impact toughness is lower than that of impact-resistant steels containing Molybdenum (Mo) and Nickel (Ni).
6. Applications
6CrW2Si steel is often used to manufacture heavy-duty stamping dies and cold-pressing dies where the failure modes are wear and collapse, or for manufacturing tools and dies that are subjected to impact loads and require high wear resistance, such as pneumatic tools, impact dies, cold shearing blades, blanking and trimming dies, and tools for air hammers.
7. Equivalent Grades
- USA (ASTM/AISI): S1
- Germany (DIN): 60WCrV7 or 1.2550
- Russia (GOST): 5KHV2S
- Europe (EN): 60WCrV8