Acero inoxidable 4Cr13

AOBO STEEL – Proveedor global de confianza de acero para herramientas

4Cr13 stainless steel, frequently designated as 40Cr13 or SM4Cr13 in Chinese standards, is categorized as a martensitic stainless steel. The “4” in its nomenclature typically signifies a carbon content of approximately 0.4%.

4Cr13 steel is a martensitic stainless steel with good machinability. It possesses high strength and wear resistance, as well as excellent corrosion resistance, capable of withstanding steam, weak organic acids, dilute sulfuric acid, and carbonates. Its good polishing performance makes it suitable for manufacturing transparent and opaque plastic product molds that are subjected to high loads, high wear, and corrosive media. Applications include molds for optical lenses (corrosive), resin material products, and resin products with additives. This steel is recommended for all plastic mold manufacturing. Due to its special properties, it is particularly suitable for demanding environments, such as corrosion-resistant and rust-proof molds (e.g., molds for injection materials containing corrosive acetate salts), molds with low surface roughness requirements, complex molds with good toughness and ductility, and large plastic molds requiring high transparency.

1. Composition（YB / T 094—1997）

C	Si	Mn	Cr	S	PAG
0.36 ~ 0.45	≤0,60	≤0.80	12.00 ~ 14.00	≤0.030	≤0.030

2. Physical Properties of 4Cr13 Stainless Steel

2.1 Critical Temperature

Punto crítico	Ac1	Ac3	Sra.
Temperatura (°C)	820	1100	270

2.2 Coefficient of Linear Expansion

Temperatura (°C)	20 ~ 100	20 ~ 200	20 ~ 300	20 ~ 400	20 ~ 500
α (x 10⁻⁶/°C)	10.5	11.0	11.0	11.5	12.0

2.3 Conductividad térmica

Temperatura (°C)	20	200	400	600
λ [W/(m·K)]	27.6	28.8	28.8	28.4

2.4 Modulus of Elasticity

Temperatura (°C)	20	400	500	600
E (MPa)	210000 ~ 223500	197000	185000	174000

2.5 Electrical Resistivity

Temperatura (°C)	20	100
ρ (x 10⁻⁶ Ω·m)	0.55	0.65

2.6 Other Physical Properties

Densidad (g/cm³)	Specific Heat Capacity cₚ (20°C) / [J/(kg·K)]
7.7	459.8

3. Forging process 4Cr13 Stainless Steel

Calefacción	Temperatura inicial de forja (°C)	Temperatura final de forja (°C)	Refrigeración
Heat slowly to 800°C, then rapidly to 1200°C	1160 ~ 1200	≥850	Cool in ash or sand

Nota: Tempering should be carried out promptly after forging.

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4. Heat Treatment 4Cr13 Stainless Steel

4.1 Precalentamiento

Plan preliminar de tratamiento térmico	Temperatura de calentamiento/°C	Método de refrigeración	Dureza HBW
Post-forging Annealing	750 ~ 800	Enfriar el horno a 500 °C y luego enfriar al aire.	≤217
Stress Relief Annealing	Soak at 650°C for 2h	Slowly cool to 500°C, then air cool	-

4.2 Enfriamiento

Temperatura de enfriamiento/°C	Método de refrigeración	Dureza HRC
1000 ~ 1050	Refrigeración por aceite	52 ~ 55

4.3 Templado

Temperatura de revenido/°C	Método de refrigeración	Dureza HRC
200 ~ 300	Air Cooling	50 ~ 53

Relación entre la temperatura de revenido y la dureza

Temperatura de revenido/°C	Después del enfriamiento	200	300	400	500	550	600	650
Dureza HRC	54	53	52	51	50	44	33	28

5. Mechanical Properties 4Cr13 Stainless Steel

5.1 Mechanical Properties of 4Cr13 Steel at Different Temperatures

Propiedad mecánica	Room Temperature	200°C	300°C	400°C	500°C	600°C
Tensile Strength (R_m)/MPa	1125	960	915	790	525	310
Yield Strength (R_eL)/MPa	905	820	720	680	470	260
Elongation (A)/%	11	10.5	10	11.5	19	20
Reduction of Area (Z)/%	32	40	39	45	75	82
Impact Toughness (a_k)/(J/cm²)	10	50	70	71	80	105

Nota: 1050°C air cooling, 650°C x 3h tempering.

5.2 Room Temperature Mechanical Properties

Tratamiento térmico	Tensile Strength (R_m)/MPa	Yield Strength (R_eL)/MPa	Elongation (A)/%	Reduction of Area (Z)/%	Dureza HRC	Hardness after Annealing HBW
1050 ~ 1100°C oil quenching, 200 ~ 300°C tempering	1140	910	12.5	32	≥50	≤229
1050°C air cooling, 600°C, 3h tempering, 860°C annealing	480 ~ 560	910	20 ~ 25	32	50 ~ 67	143 ~ 229

5.3 High-Temperature Tensile Properties

Tratamiento térmico	Test Temperature/°C	Tensile Strength (R_m)/MPa	Yield Strength (R_eL)/MPa	Elongation (A)/%
1030°C air cooling,<br>500°C tempering air cooling	20	1800 ~ 1820	1630 ~ 1650	2.5
	400	1660 ~ 1700	1450 ~ 1480	6
	450	1570 ~ 1600	1350 ~ 1420	5 ~ 6
	500	1310 ~ 1340	1250 ~ 1290	6.5
1030°C air cooling,<br>600°C tempering air cooling	20	1130 ~ 1160	970	9.2 ~ 10
	400	920 ~ 960	790 ~ 830	8.3 ~ 10
	450	800 ~ 820	620 ~ 650	10 ~ 12
	500	710 ~ 730	580 ~ 600	14.5 ~ 15

6. Applications

Moldes: It is widely used for plastic molds, especially for producing transparent and opaque plastic products, and molds that operate in corrosive environments (e.g., those processing plastics with corrosive additives like acetates). Its superior polishing characteristics make it ideal for molds requiring very smooth surfaces.
Medical Instruments: Components for surgical medical instruments.
Cutlery: Blades for various types of knives.
Componentes de máquinas: Employed for high-stress, wear-prone parts such as bearings, valves, valve plates, shafts, bolts, and springs.
Measuring Tools: Given its high hardenability and minimal distortion after heat treatment, it is also a choice for frequently used measuring tools or reference gauges.

7. Calificaciones equivalentes

• International (ISO/TS 15510, EN 10088-1): X39Cr13 (1.4031) or X46Cr13 (1.4034).

• Russian (GOST): 40X13.

• Japonés (JIS): SUS420J2.

• USA (AISI/SAE/UNS): While not a direct equivalent due to carbon content variations, AISI 420 (S42000) is often referenced. AISI acero inoxidable 420 generally has a lower carbon content compared to 4Cr13.

Preguntas frecuentes

Is 4Cr13 a good knife steel?

Yes, 4Cr13 can be a good knife steel, particularly for general-purpose applications. It is a martensitic stainless steel that can be heat-treated to achieve a good level of hardness, which contributes to edge retention.

What is the difference between 4Cr13 and D2 steel?

4Cr13 is a martensitic stainless steel commonly used in the manufacture of tableware. D2, on the other hand, is a high-carbon, high-chromium cold-work tool steel used for molds and punches. D2 contains a large amount of hard carbides, resulting in higher hardness and wear resistance than 4Cr13, but lower toughness.

Does 4Cr13 steel rust?

4Cr13 steel is a type of stainless steel. However, like many martensitic stainless steels, its corrosion resistance is affected by carbon content and heat treatment, as carbon forms carbides with chromium, which may cause corrosion under certain conditions or if maintenance is inadequate.

What is the difference between 3Cr13 and 4Cr13 steel?

The carbon content of 4Cr13 is higher than that of 3Cr13, so after heat treatment, the hardness of 4Cr13 is higher than that of 3Cr13. However, the higher carbon content in 4Cr13 may make its corrosion resistance slightly inferior to that of 3Cr13, as more chromium elements may be bound by carbides.

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