Tool Steel Selection for Forming, Drawing & Bending Dies
Select tool steel by sliding friction, compressive force, bending stress, wear level, toughness requirement, and heat treatment stability. For forming, drawing, and bending dies, the main choice is usually between wear resistance, toughness, and resistance to deformation.
Quick Selection Guide by Tool Steel Grade
Choose the grade according to drawing depth, bending stress, friction level, production run length, and dimensional stability requirement.
D2 Tool Steel1.2379 / SKD11 / Cr12Mo1V1
Recommended for long-run deep-drawing, cold-forming, and bending dies.
D3 Tool Steel1.2080 / SKD1 / Cr12
Recommended for drawing and forming dies where maximum wear resistance is required.
A2 Tool Steel1.2363 / SKD12
Recommended for bending dies, forming dies, and medium-run drawing dies.
O1 Tool Steel1.2510 / SKS3
Recommended for drawing, bending, and forming dies under general-purpose working conditions.
S1 Tool Steel1.2550
Recommended for forming and bending dies where toughness is more important than maximum wear resistance.
S7 Tool Steel1.2355
Recommended for forming and bending dies under severe impact, deep configurations, or high bending stress.
Selection Summary
This table gives a faster comparison when the buyer already knows the main working condition. The springback the bend gives back, and the bend allowance the blank needs for it, are set out in the springback and bend allowance reference.
| Main Requirement | Recommended Direction | Aobo Steel Grades |
|---|---|---|
| Long-run deep drawing, cold forming, and bending | High-carbon, high-chromium cold-work steel | D2 |
| Maximum wear resistance and compressive strength | High-carbon cold-work steel | D3 |
| Balanced wear resistance, toughness, and low distortion | Air-hardening medium-alloy cold-work steel | A2 |
| General-purpose drawing, bending, and forming dies | Oil-hardening cold-work steel | O1 |
| High bending stress, impact load, or cracking risk | Shock-resisting tool steel | S1, S7 |
