H13 Steel Hardness
The hardness of H13 steel depends on its condition and heat treatment. Supplied H13 is normally annealed for machining, usually around 220–241 HB. After quenching, standard sections may reach about 51–54 HRC, while large sections can show lower core hardness.
After tempering, finished H13 tools are commonly adjusted within about 38–55 HRC. Many hot-work tools work around 40–48 HRC, with lower hardness often used for heavy shock and higher hardness used where wear resistance is more important.
Final hardness can change with section size, austenitizing temperature, cooling rate, tempering practice, and test position. For most H13 tooling, the target is balanced hardness, not maximum hardness.
Aobo Steel supplies H13 tool steel in an annealed condition for bulk orders, including round bar, flat bar, plate, and forged block. For purchase, see the H13 제품 페이지 or contact [email protected]
Need H13 Tool Steel for Bulk Production?
Aobo Steel supplies annealed H13 tool steel in round bar, flat bar, plate, and forged block. We support chemical analysis, hardness inspection, UT inspection, and MTC documentation for export orders.
H13 Tempering Temperature and Hardness Chart
Tempering adjusts quenched H13 to its final usable hardness. It reduces brittleness, relieves internal stress, stabilizes the microstructure, and improves service reliability.
H13 is commonly austenitized at about 995–1025°C (1825–1875°F) before quenching. After quenching, it is usually double-tempered or triple-tempered to improve stability and reduce the risk of brittle failure.
| 템퍼링 온도 | 대략적인 경도 |
|---|---|
| 갈증이 해소된 것처럼 | About 51–54 HRC |
| 400–600°F / 204–316°C | About 51–53 HRC |
| 950°F / 510°C | About 52–54 HRC |
| 980°F / 527°C | 약 52 HRC |
| 1030°F / 555°C | About 50 HRC |
| 1050°F / 566°C | About 44–46 HRC |
| 1065°F / 575°C | About 48 HRC |
| 1100°F / 593°C | About 41–46 HRC |
| 1120°F / 605°C | 약 44 HRC |
| 1150°F / 621°C | About 36–38 HRC |
Some values overlap because different reference data may use different austenitizing temperatures, quenching methods, holding times, section sizes, and test positions. These values should be used as H13 heat-treatment guidance.
For hot-work tooling, the highest HRC value is not always the best target. A slightly lower but more stable hardness can often give better tool life when the tool faces impact, thermal cycling, or large-section stress.
Recommended H13 Working Hardness by Application
The optimal hardness for H13 depends on how the tool operates and how it is likely to fail. Die casting, forging, extrusion, and high-shock tooling place different demands on the steel.
| 애플리케이션 | Typical H13 Working Hardness | 선택 논리 |
|---|---|---|
| General hot-work tooling | About 40–48 HRC | Balanced hot strength, toughness, and wear resistance |
| Aluminum and magnesium die casting dies | About 42–52 HRC | Depends on die size, thermal cycling, and wear demand |
| Common die casting inserts and cores | About 44–48 HRC | Balanced heat-checking resistance and wear resistance |
| Zinc die casting dies | About 50–52 HRC | Lower casting temperature may allow higher hardness |
| 해머 단조 다이 | About 40–47 HRC | Lower hardness improves shock resistance |
| Press forging dies | About 47–55 HRC | Less sudden impact allows higher hardness |
| High-shock tooling | About 40–44 HRC | Toughness is more important than wear resistance |
| 알루미늄 및 마그네슘 압출 다이 | About 42–45 HRC | Balance of hot strength and cracking resistance |
| 구리 및 황동 압출 다이 | About 42–48 HRC | Higher thermal and pressure demand |
| Steel extrusion dies | About 47–51 HRC | Higher hot strength and wear resistance required |
| 맨드릴 | About 46–52 HRC | High-temperature strength and wear resistance are required |
| Dummy blocks and rams | About 40–44 HRC | Toughness and heat resistance are important |
| Extrusion containers | About 35–40 HRC | Lower hardness improves toughness in large sections |
For die casting dies, hardness must be balanced against heat checking. Large inserts are often kept at a lower hardness to reduce the risk of cracking, while smaller inserts can be made harder when wear resistance is more important.
For forging dies, impact severity is the main concern. Hammer forging normally requires lower hardness than press forging because the loading is more sudden and severe. If hardness is pushed too high, the die may crack before wear becomes the main problem.
For extrusion tooling, the tool function matters. Dies, mandrels, dummy blocks, rams, liners, and containers should not automatically be assigned the same hardness, as they experience different thermal and mechanical loads.
A simple selection rule is when wear and plastic deformation dominate; a higher working hardness may help. When cracking, chipping, severe impact, or thermal fatigue dominate, a lower or more balanced hardness is usually safer.
Need H13 Steel for Hot-Work Tooling?
Send your required grade, size, quantity, condition, and application. Aobo Steel can help confirm H13 supply condition, inspection requirements, and export documentation for bulk orders.
자주 묻는 질문
The hardness of H13 steel depends on its condition and heat treatment. In the annealed condition, H13 is usually around 220–241 HB. After hardening and tempering, finished H13 tools are commonly adjusted within about 38–55 HRC, with many hot-work tools used around 40–48 HRC.
The annealed hardness of H13 steel is usually around 220–241 HB. This is the common soft condition for machining before final hardening and tempering.
After quenching, standard H13 sections may reach about 51–54 HRC. Large sections can show lower core hardness because the center cools more slowly than the surface.
Many H13 hot-work tools work around 40–48 HRC. The exact working hardness depends on tool size, operating temperature, impact load, wear demand, and failure risk.
H13 die-casting dies are often used at 42–52 HRC. Common die casting inserts and cores are frequently selected around 44–48 HRC, depending on die size, thermal cycling, and wear conditions.
H13 hammer-forging dies are often used at around 40–47 HRC because the impact severity is high. Press forging dies may use a higher range, often around 47–55 HRC, because the loading is less sudden.
H13 extrusion dies are commonly selected according to the extruded material. Aluminum and magnesium extrusion dies are often around 42–45 HRC, copper and brass extrusion dies around 42–48 HRC, and steel extrusion dies around 47–51 HRC.
No. Higher hardness can improve wear resistance and resistance to plastic deformation, but it can also increase the risk of cracking, chipping, and heat checking. For H13 tooling, hardness should be selected according to the main failure mode.
H13 tempering hardness values can overlap because results depend on austenitizing temperature, quenching method, holding time, section size, tempering practice, and test position. Tempering charts should be used as guidance, not as guaranteed hardness values for every tool.