4Cr3Mo3SiV is the designation under China’s GB/T standard, and its equivalent steels are ASTM/아이시 H10 in the United States, JIS SKD7 in Japan, DIN 1.2365 in Germany, and 32CrMoV12-28. 4Cr3Mo3SiV is a medium-alloy hot work tool steel. It is designed with a good balance of strength, toughness, and wear resistance at elevated temperatures. Compared to 4Cr5MoSiV1 (H13) steel, it has higher thermal strength but slightly lower impact toughness. Its thermal stability surpasses both H13 and 3Cr2W8V (H21) steels.
1. 화학 조성(GB/T 1299-2000)
| C | 시 | 망 | 크 | 모 | V | P | S |
| 0.35 – 0.45 | 0.80 – 1.20 | 0.25 – 0.70 | 3.00 – 3.75 | 2.00 – 3.00 | 0.25 – 0.75 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 |
2. Critical Point Temperatures of 4Cr3Mo3SiV
| 임계점 | Ac₁ | Ac₃ | 여사 |
| Temperature (approximate value)/°C | 820 | 900 | 310 |
3. 4Cr3Mo3SiV Steel Forging Process Specification
| 목 | 가열 온도/°C | 초기 단조 온도/°C | 최종 단조 온도/°C | 냉각 방식 |
| 강철 주괴 | 1160 ~ 1180 | 1040 ~ 1170 | ≥900 | 서서히 냉각 |
| 강철 빌릿 | 1150 ~ 1170 | 1120 ~ 1140 | ≥850 | 서서히 냉각 |
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4. Heat Treatment of 4Cr3Mo3SiV
4.1 예열
| 재료 | 가열 온도/°C | Holding Time | Isothermal Time | 냉각 방식 |
| Bar Stock | 860 ~ 880 | 2h + 1min/mm | — | Furnace cool to below 500°C, then air cool |
| Forgings | 860 ~ 880 | 1h + 1min/mm | 730°C × 2h + 1min/mm | Air cool from furnace |
4.2 담금질
| First Preheating | Second Preheating | Austenitizing Temperature/°C | 냉각 매체 | 경도 HRC |
| 550°C uniform heating | 880°C uniform heating | 1030 ± 10 | 기름 | 55 ~ 56 |
4.3 템퍼링
| First Tempering | Second Tempering | 경도 HRC |
| 610°C × 2h | 615°C × 2h | 47.0 ~ 49.0 |
5. Mechanical Properties of 4Cr3Mo3SiV
4Cr3Mo3SiV contains many carbide-forming elements such as Cr, Mo, and V. It has good toughness and exhibits high hardness, thermal strength, and wear resistance at operating temperatures of 500~600 °C. This steel has good hardenability, resistance to tempering, and thermal stability, resulting in very high toughness, high impact toughness, and fracture toughness, as well as good oxidation resistance.
5.1 Room Temperature Mechanical Properties
| Specimen Hardness HRC | Rm/MPa | R엘자/MPa | 아(%) | Z (%) | KU/J | KIc/MPa·1/2 |
| 47 ~ 49 | 1559 | 1356 | 10.1 | 34.1 | 16.9 | 41.2 |
5.2 High-Temperature Mechanical Properties
| 온도/°C | Rm/MPa | R엘자/MPa | 아(%) | Z (%) | KU/J | Vickers Hardness HV |
| 300 | 1349 | 1218 | 10.4 | 29.3 | 20.5 | 471.5 |
| 600 | 888 | 779 | 20.3 | 69.8 | 25.2 | 409.0 |
| 650 | 651 | 596 | 19.5 | 60.7 | 20.9 | 360.5 |
| 700 | 298 | 261 | 31.2 | 81.6 | 23.2 | 278.5 |
5.3 Thermal Stability
| 템퍼링 온도(°C) | Holding Time (h) | 경도(HRC) |
| 620 | 0 | 47.5 |
| 2 | 44.1 | |
| 4 | 43.8 | |
| 6 | 42.2 | |
| 8 | 41.3 | |
| 11.5 | 38.6 | |
| 14.5 | 37.6 | |
| 17.5 | 35.4 | |
| 21 | 33.8 | |
| 660 | 0 | 46.9 |
| 1 | 40.3 | |
| 2 | 34.9 | |
| 3 | 33.8 | |
| 5 | 31.5 | |
| 7 | 29.8 | |
| 9 | 29.5 | |
| 12 | 26.8 | |
| 700 | 0 | 46.6 |
| 0.5 | 33.5 | |
| 1 | 29 | |
| 1.5 | 28.3 | |
| 2 | 25.8 | |
| 3 | — |
5.4 Fatigue Performance
| Test Condition | 20°C ↔ 650°C (1000 cycles) | 20°C ↔ 700°C (1000 cycles) |
| 47 ~ 49HRC | Grade 7.6 | Grade 15.6 |
6. Applications of 4Cr3Mo3SiV
4Cr3Mo3SiV steel is widely used for various hot work tooling and components:
- Hot Extrusion Dies: Especially for core rods, liners, and mandrels.
- Hot Forging Dies: For thermal forging, precision forging, roll forging, and hammer forging dies.
- Hot Punching Dies: Used for hot punches and hot pressing dies.
- Die-Casting Molds: Suitable for aluminum, magnesium, and copper alloy die-casting molds.
- 기타 응용 분야: Hot cutting tools, pressure tools, and components requiring good impact resistance and hardness at elevated temperatures. It can replace 3Cr2W8V in many applications.
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