Cr5Mo1V Steel Technical Overview

Cr5Mo1V Steel Technical Overview： Cr5Mo1V is a medium-alloy tool steel known for its good air-hardening capabilities. This means it experiences relatively small distortion during heat treatment, which is a significant plus when working with molds that have complex shapes. In fact, its heat treatment deformation is only about a quarter of what you’d see with manganese oil-quenching tool steels.

When comparing properties, Cr5Mo1V’s wear resistance is between the CrWMn and Cr12MoV steels. However, it offers better toughness than both of those grades.

1. Cr5Mo1V Steel Chemical Composition (GB/T 1299-2000)

• Carbon (C):95 – 1.05%
• Silicon (Si):≤0.50%
• Manganese (Mn):≤1.00%
• Phosphorus (P):≤0.030%
• Sulfur (S):≤0.030%
• Chromium (Cr):75 – 5.50%
• Molybdenum (Mo):90 – 1.40%
• Vanadium (V):15 – 0.50%

2. Cr5Mo1V Steel Physical Properties

• Critical Temperatures:Ac1 ≈ 795 °C, Ms ≈ 168 °C
• Density: 84 t/m³
• Specific Heat Capacity (cₚ):55 J/(kg·K)
• Elastic Modulus:203 GPa

3. Cr5Mo1V Steel Heat Treatment Procedures

3.1 Ordinary Annealing: Heat to 840-870 °C (hold 3-4 hrs), furnace cool to <500 °C, then air cool.

3.4 Isothermal Annealing:

• Option 1: Heat to 830-850 °C (hold 2-3 hrs), furnace cool to 710-730 °C (hold 3-4 hrs), furnace cool to 500 °C, then air cool. Target hardness: ≤255 HBW.
• Option 2: Heat to 840-860 °C, hold at 740-760 °C, and air cool. The target hardness is 202-229 HBW.
• For Cold Stamping Blanks: Heat to 780-800 °C (hold 2-4 hrs), furnace cool at 15-20 °C/hr down to 600 °C, then air cool. Target hardness: 235-255 HBW.

3.5 Quenching and Tempering (Primary Hardening): Quench from 940-960 °C (oil), then temper at 180-220 °C (1 hr, twice). Expected hardness: 60-65 HRC. (One reference suggests 950±10 °C quench, 200 °C temper for 61 HRC).

3.6 High Quenching and High Tempering (Secondary Hardening): Quench from 980-1010 °C (oil), then temper at 510-520 °C (2 hrs, twice). Expected hardness: 57-65 HRC (range varies slightly by source). (Another reference suggests 980-1100 °C quench, 450-550 °C temper for 59 HRC).

• Note: Use higher quenching temperatures if thermal hardness is the priority. Use mid-to-lower range quenching temps if better toughness is needed.

4. Hot Working Guidelines

• Ingots:Heat to 1100-1150 °C. Start forging at 1050-1100 °C, and finish by 850-900 °C. Slowly cool (furnace or sand).
• Billets: Heat to 1050-1100 °C. Start forging at 1000-1050 °C, and finish by 850-900 °C. Cool in a furnace or sand. (General recommendation: Start at 1100 °C, Finish at 900 °C).

5. Common Applications

• Bending dies for spring steel plates (0.65%-0.80% C, HRC 37-42). Lifespan can reach 110k-120k cycles (up to 400k with nitriding).
• Thread rolling dies (for aluminum and copper alloys).
• Drawing dies, embossing dies, blanking dies, stamping dies.
• Cold work dies: sheet punching, cold cutting scissors, trimming dies, flanging dies, gauge blocks, wire drawing dies, thread rolling plates, deep drawing dies (steel).
• Molds for thermosetting plastics and resins.
• Using electroslag remelted (ESR) Cr5Mo1V can improve structural uniformity and density, enhancing polishing performance and corrosion resistance in plastic molds.

6. Equivalent Grades

• China GB: Cr5Mo1V
• USA AISI/SAE: A2
• USA ASTM/UNS: A2 / T30102
• Japan JIS: SKD12
• Sweden ASSAB: XW-10
• Germany DIN: X100CrMoV51 (W-Nr. 1.2363 likely)
• Europe EN:X100CrMoV5-1
• International ISO: X100CrMoV5
• UK BS: BA2
• France NF: X100CrMoV5
• Korea KS: STD12