Cr5Mo1V is a medium alloy air-hardening cold work tool steel, also classified as a high carbon medium chromium tool steel. It is recognized by the unified digital code T20503 and equivalent to American Stal A2, JIS SKD12 in Japan, and DIN 1.2363 in Germany. It is a versatile material, particularly suitable for applications that demand both good wear resistance and good toughness.

1. Chemical Composition(GB/T 1299—2000)

C	Si	Mn	Kr	Mo	V	P	S
0.95 – 1.05%	≤0,50%	≤1,00%	4.75 – 5.50%	0.90 – 1.40%	0.15 – 0.50%	≤0,030%	≤0,030%

2. Physical Properties of Cr5Mo1V Steel

2.1 Cr5Mo1V Steel Critical Temperature

Punkt krytyczny	Ac₁	Accm	SM
Temperatura/°C	795	—	168

2.2 Cr5Mo1V Steel Linear Expansion Coefficient

Temperatura /°C	20 ~ 100	20 ~ 300	20 ~ 500	20 ~ 700
Linear Expansion Coefficient α/ ×10⁻⁶°C⁻¹	8.2	11.3	12.4	12.9

2.3 Cr5Mo1V Steel Other Physical Properties

Gęstość / (g/cm³)	Modulus of Elasticity E (Room Temperature) /MPa	Specific Heat Capacity cₚ/ [J/(kg·K)]
7.84	203000	460.55

3. Cr5Mo1V Steel Forging Process Specification

Przedmiot	Temperatura ogrzewania/°C	Początkowa temperatura kucia/°C	Temperatura końcowego kucia/°C	Metoda chłodzenia
Sztabka stali	1100 ~ 1150	1050 ~ 1100	850 ~ 900	Wyżarzanie w wysokiej temperaturze, chłodzenie wgłębne lub chłodzenie piaskowe
Kęsy stalowe	1050 ~ 1100	1000 ~ 1050	850 ~ 900	Chłodzenie dołu lub chłodzenie piasku

4. Heat treatment of Cr5Mo1V Steel

4.1 Podgrzewanie wstępne

Wstępny plan obróbki cieplnej	Parametry procesu
Wyżarzanie ogólne po kuciu	Heating temperature is 840 ~ 870°C, hold for 2 ~ 3h; furnace cool to below 550°C then air cool, hardness ≤248HBW
Wyżarzanie izotermiczne po kuciu	Heating temperature is 830 ~ 850°C, hold for 2h; isothermal temperature is 710 ~ 730°C, hold for 2 ~ 4h, furnace cool to 500°C then air cool or furnace cool to room temperature, hardness after annealing ≤248HBW

4.2 Hartowanie

① Recommended Quenching Process Specification

Plan	First Preheating Temperature/°C	Second Preheating Temperature/°C	Temperatura hartowania/°C	Chłodzenie	Twardość HRC
I	300 ~ 400	800 ~ 850	940 ~ 960	Air cooling or oil cooling	62 ~ 63
II	300 ~ 400	800 ~ 850	980 ~ 1010	Air cooling or oil cooling	62 ~ 65

② Effect of Quenching Temperature on Hardness

Temperatura hartowania/°C	875	900	960	980	1020	1050
Twardość HRC	46.5	54	64.5	64.5	63	58

4.3 Hartowanie

① Recommended Tempering Process Specification

Plan gaszenia	Temperatura odpuszczania/°C	Liczba temperamentów	Twardość HRC
I	180 ~ 220	1	60 ~ 64
II	510 ~ 520	2	57 ~ 60

② Effect of Tempering Temperature on Hardness

Quenching Condition	Temperatura odpuszczania/°C	100	200	300	400	450	500	520	580
Hartowanie 954°C	Twardość HRC	64.5	62	58	57	56	59	56	51
Hartowanie 982°C	Twardość HRC	65	62	58	58	56	58	57	51.5

5. Właściwości mechaniczne

Cr5Mo1V steel is a free-hardening steel exhibiting high free-hardening properties. It features relatively low quenching distortion, high hardness, excellent wear resistance, and moderate toughness, delivering outstanding overall mechanical properties.

Mechanical Properties of Cr5Mo1V Steel after Tempering

Temperatura odpuszczania/°C	Twardość HRC	Tensile Strength/MPa	Yield Strength/MPa	Wydłużenie (%)	Redukcja powierzchni (%)
530	54.1	1849	—	—	—
593	46.7	1596	576	5.0	13.9

Note: 980°C air cooling.

6. Zastosowania

Cr5Mo1V steel exhibits excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, making it particularly suitable for manufacturing tools and dies that require both high wear resistance and good toughness, as well as dimensional stability. Examples include rollers, punches, blanking dies, forming dies, rolling dies, wire drawing dies, and thread rolling dies. It is also used for certain types of shear blades.