Orodno jeklo H11 in H13

Orodno jeklo H11 in Orodno jeklo H13 are both hot work tool steels. They belong to the H series of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) system.

H11 and H13 are representative of hot work tool steels. They offer a good balance of cost and performance, making them a reference point for various applications in hot-forming molds. These materials were initially developed for die casting and exhibit high hardenability, minimal deformation during heat treatment, minimal oxidation tendency, good tempering performance, resistance to liquid aluminum corrosion, and high resistance to thermal fatigue.

The primary difference between H11 and H13 steel is that H13 contains approximately 0.5% more vanadium. This additional vanadium content further increases hot hardness and resistance to tempering, but it may also slightly reduce toughness, especially during quenching and tempering.

H13 is slightly better resistant to softening after heat treatment, but its toughness is slightly lower. Compared to H11, H13 may tend to have an uneven distribution of vanadium carbides. This is especially important under homogenization manufacturing conditions to maximize toughness.

This article compares H11 and H13 based on certain data. Some of the data is sourced from literature and has been cited accordingly.

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Chemical composition of h11 and H13

Vrsta AISI	UNS št.	C (%)	Mn (%)	Si (%)	Cr (%)	Ni (%)	Mo (%)	W (%)	V (%)
H11	T20811	0.33-0.43	0.20-0.50	0.80-1.20	4.75-5.50	0,30 maks	1.10-1.60	…	0.30-0.60
H13	T20813	0.32-0.45	0.20-0.50	0.80-1.20	4.75-5.50	0,30 maks	1.10-1.75	…	0.80-1.20

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Major Factors comparison of H11 and H13 tool steel

• Odpornost proti obrabi: H11 and H13 have the same value of 3, indicating equal wear resistance.
• Žilavost: Both have a value of 9, suggesting high toughness for both types.
• Vroča trdota: Both have the same value of 6, indicating similar hot hardness properties.

Based on this table, H11 and H13 appear to have very similar properties in wear resistance, toughness, and hot hardness.

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Comparison of manufacturing factors for H11 and H13 tool steels

• Availability: Both H11 and H13 tool steel have an availability rating of 4, suggesting they are equally available.
• Cost: Both types of steel have a cost rating of 1, indicating they are similarly priced.
• Obdelovalnost: Both H11 and H13 have a machinability rating of 8, suggesting they are both relatively easy to machine.

The table shows that H11 and H13 tool steel are similar regarding these three manufacturing factors.

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Comparison of other parameters

Faktor	H11 tool steels	H13 tool steels
Običajna delovna trdota, HRC	38-55	40-53
Globina utrjevanja	D	D
Najfinejša velikost zrn pri polni trdoti, Shepherd standard	8	8
Površinska trdota po kaljenju, HRC	53-55	51-54
Core Hardness (25 mm, or 1 in., diam round), HRC	53-55	51-54
Medij za kaljenje	A	A
Temperatura strjevanja, °C (°F)	995-1025 (1825-1875)	995-1040 (1825-1900)
Sprememba dimenzij pri utrjevanju	L	L
Varnost pri utrjevanju	H	H
Občutljivost za razogljičenje	H	H
Približna trdota valjanega ali kovanega, HB	500	500
Žarjena trdota, HB	192-229	192-229
Temperatura žarjenja, °C (°F)	845-900 (1550-1650)	845-900 (1550-1650)
Območje kaljenja, °C (°F)	540-650 (1000-1200)	540-650 (1000-1200)
Temperatura kovanja, °C (°F)	1065-1150 (1950-2100)	1065-1150 (1950-2100)

H11 and H13 tool steels share many similarities regarding their mechanical properties, toplotna obdelava characteristics, and forging capabilities. The primary difference lies in their hardness range, with H13 offering slightly higher hardness for more demanding applications. The choice between these two steels depends on the specific requirements of the intended application, such as the level of wear resistance, toughness, and dimensional stability needed.

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Tensile Properties of H11 and H13 Tool Steels at Elevated Temperatures

Steel Type	Testing Temperature (°C)	Testing Temperature (°F)	Natezna trdnost (MPa)	Natezna trdnost (ksi)	Yield Strength (0.2% offset) (MPa)	Yield Strength (0.2% offset) (ksi)	Elongation (50 mm) (%)	Zmanjšanje površine (%)	Room-Temperature Hardness (HRC) Before testing	Room-Temperature Hardness (HRC) After testing
H11	Room	Room	1806	262	1482	215	10	35.8	50	50
	150	300	1689	245	1358	197	10.1	36.1	50	50
	260	500	1600	232	1345	195	9.8	34.5	50	50
	345	650	1579	229	1317	191	10	35.2	50	50
	425	800	1510	219	1289	187	11.4	38.7	50	50
	480	900	1427	207	1145	166	12.2	38.9	50	50
	540	1000	1241	180	965	140	11	35.4	50	50
	595	1100	979	142	724	105	12.8	46.2	50	47
	650	1200	586	85	434	63	18.9	66.6	50	41
H13	480	900	1531	222	–	–	9	37	52	–
	540	1000	1413	205	–	–	11	43	52	–
	595	1100	1193	173	–	–	15	49	52	–
	650	1200	814	118	–	–	22	59	52	–

Opomba:

• The “-” in the Yield Strength columns for H13 steel indicates that the data was unavailable.
• The Room-Temperature Hardness (HRC) column shows values before and after testing, separated by a comma.
• Data from Teledyne VASCO. Allegheny Ludlum Industries, and Universal-Cyclops Steel Corp. 

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CVN impact toughness of H11 and H13 tool steels as a function of testing temperature.

This graph suggests that H11 and H13 become more resistant to impact at higher temperatures. However, H13 is more sensitive to temperature changes, showing a more significant increase in impact strength with rising temperatures.