{"id":20830,"date":"2026-10-03T16:48:52","date_gmt":"2026-10-03T08:48:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=20830"},"modified":"2026-10-16T16:08:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-16T08:08:32","slug":"obsolete-tool-steel-grades","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/obsolete-tool-steel-grades\/","title":{"rendered":"Graus de A\u00e7o Ferramenta Fora de Uso Comum, Composi\u00e7\u00f5es"},"content":{"rendered":"

Graus de A\u00e7o Ferramenta Fora de Uso Comum, Composi\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Os graus de a\u00e7o ferramenta saem de uso por raz\u00f5es comerciais comuns. A demanda por um tipo cai, as usinas param de lamin\u00e1-lo, e a AISI mant\u00e9m a designa\u00e7\u00e3o por anos ap\u00f3s a \u00faltima corrida. Isso importa em duas situa\u00e7\u00f5es. Um desenho escrito na d\u00e9cada de 1980 pode ainda nomear um grau que ningu\u00e9m vende, e uma ferramenta que chega para reparo pode estar marcada com um. Esta p\u00e1gina lista as composi\u00e7\u00f5es dos a\u00e7os ferramenta que n\u00e3o est\u00e3o mais em uso comum, agrupados da forma como a fonte os agrupa, para que o grau nomeado em um desenho antigo possa ser comparado com o que est\u00e1 dispon\u00edvel agora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O que a tabela abrange<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A tabela abrange as fam\u00edlias de a\u00e7o ferramenta em vez de apenas uma delas: alta velocidade, trabalho a quente, trabalho a frio, resistente a choque, molde, prop\u00f3sito especial e t\u00eampera em \u00e1gua aparecem nela, porque um grau pode sair de uso em qualquer uma delas. As colunas de composi\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o as mesmas usadas para os graus ainda em produ\u00e7\u00e3o, ent\u00e3o uma linha aqui pode ser lida diretamente contra as tabelas para os graus atuais. Onde um valor \u00e9 impresso como um tra\u00e7o, a fonte n\u00e3o lista nada para esse elemento, e onde a coluna Outros carrega um elemento que o resto daquela linha n\u00e3o, ele \u00e9 impresso ali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tipo<\/th>C<\/th>W<\/th>Mo<\/th>Cr<\/th>V<\/th>Outros<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
A\u00e7os r\u00e1pidos<\/td><\/tr>
M6<\/td>0.80<\/td>4.25<\/td>5.00<\/td>4.00<\/td>1.50<\/td>12.00 Co<\/td><\/tr>
M8<\/td>0.80<\/td>5.00<\/td>5.00<\/td>4.00<\/td>1.50<\/td>1.25 Nb<\/td><\/tr>
M15<\/td>1.50<\/td>6.50<\/td>3.50<\/td>4.00<\/td>5.00<\/td>5.00 Co<\/td><\/tr>
M45<\/td>1.25<\/td>8.00<\/td>5.00<\/td>4.25<\/td>1.60<\/td>5.50 Co<\/td><\/tr>
T3<\/td>1.05<\/td>18.00<\/td>—<\/td>4.00<\/td>3.00<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
T7<\/td>0.75<\/td>14.00<\/td>—<\/td>4.00<\/td>2.00<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
T9<\/td>1.20<\/td>18.00<\/td>—<\/td>4.00<\/td>4.00<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
A\u00e7os para trabalho a quente<\/td><\/tr>
H15<\/td>0.40<\/td>—<\/td>5.00<\/td>5.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
H16<\/td>0.55<\/td>7.00<\/td>—<\/td>7.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
H20<\/td>0.35<\/td>9.00<\/td>—<\/td>2.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
H41<\/td>0.65<\/td>1.50<\/td>8.00<\/td>4.00<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
H43<\/td>0.55<\/td>—<\/td>8.00<\/td>4.00<\/td>2.00<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
A\u00e7os para trabalho a frio<\/td><\/tr>
D1<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>1.00<\/td>12.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
D6 (a)<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
A5<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>1.00<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>3.00 Mn<\/td><\/tr>
A\u00e7os resistentes ao choque<\/td><\/tr>
S3<\/td>0.50<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>0.74<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
S4<\/td>0.55<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>2.00 Si, 0.80 Mn<\/td><\/tr>
Mold steel<\/td><\/tr>
P1<\/td>0.10<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
A\u00e7os para fins especiais<\/td><\/tr>
L1<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>1.25<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
L3<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>1.50<\/td>0.20<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
L4<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>1.50<\/td>0.25<\/td>0.60 Mn<\/td><\/tr>
L5<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>0.25<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>1.00 Mn<\/td><\/tr>
L7<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>0.40<\/td>1.40<\/td>—<\/td>0.35 Mn<\/td><\/tr>
F1<\/td>1.00<\/td>1.25<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
F2<\/td>1.25<\/td>3.50<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
F3<\/td>1.25<\/td>3.50<\/td>—<\/td>0.75<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
a\u00e7os-ferramenta de t\u00eampera em \u00e1gua<\/td><\/tr>
W3<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>0.50<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
W4<\/td>0.60\/1.40 (b)<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>0.25<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
W6<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>0.25<\/td>0.25<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr>
W7<\/td>1.00<\/td>—<\/td>—<\/td>0.50<\/td>0.20<\/td>—<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fonte, ASM Handbook Vol.1, artigo Wrought Tool Steels, Tabela 3. Notas de rodap\u00e9 da fonte, (a) D6 agora est\u00e1 inclu\u00eddo com D3 na Tabela 1, portanto a fonte imprime o grau sem composi\u00e7\u00e3o separada para ele, (b) v\u00e1rios teores de carbono estavam dispon\u00edveis para W4. Um tra\u00e7o significa que a fonte n\u00e3o lista nenhum valor.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os graus mais frequentemente encontrados em desenhos antigos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Quatro deles aparecem com frequ\u00eancia suficiente para valer a pena nomear. T3, T7 e T9 s\u00e3o os a\u00e7os r\u00e1pidos ao tungst\u00eanio entre T1 e T15, e pertencem \u00e0 mesma fam\u00edlia do T1 e T15 que ainda s\u00e3o vendidos, portanto um desenho que pede T3 geralmente \u00e9 atendido por um grau de tungst\u00eanio atual ou pelo equivalente ao molibd\u00eanio dependendo da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o. H20 e H15 s\u00e3o graus para trabalho a quente de antes da s\u00e9rie de trabalho a quente ao cromo se fixar em H11, H12 e H13, e ambos t\u00eam mais tungst\u00eanio do que qualquer coisa fabricada hoje. D1 \u00e9 o grau de trabalho a frio com 12 por cento de cromo que D2 e D3 amplamente substitu\u00edram, e D6 foi totalmente incorporado ao D3. F1, F2 e F3 s\u00e3o os graus especiais de carbono e tungst\u00eanio, e seu equivalente atual mais pr\u00f3ximo \u00e9 um grau de t\u00eampera em \u00e1gua com mais liga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Substituindo um grau que n\u00e3o \u00e9 mais fabricado<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Um grau descontinuado geralmente n\u00e3o \u00e9 substitu\u00eddo por uma correspond\u00eancia qu\u00edmica, porque n\u00e3o h\u00e1 correspond\u00eancia. A abordagem \u00fatil \u00e9 voltar \u00e0 propriedade para a qual o desenho foi escrito e ent\u00e3o escolher entre os graus dispon\u00edveis. Na fam\u00edlia dos a\u00e7os r\u00e1pidos ao tungst\u00eanio, a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 normalmente feita com base na dureza a quente, e os graus de tungst\u00eanio atuais ou os graus de cobalto e molibd\u00eanio cobrem a mesma faixa. No trabalho a quente, a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita com base na dureza de trabalho e na resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga t\u00e9rmica. No trabalho a frio, a substitui\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita com base na resist\u00eancia ao desgaste em uma dada dureza, que \u00e9 onde se situam a atual s\u00e9rie D e os graus de trabalho a frio P\/M. Duas coisas permanecem verdadeiras em todos os casos: a dureza no desenho \u00e9 a dureza para a qual a ferramenta foi projetada e deve ser igualada, n\u00e3o excedida, e o ciclo de tratamento t\u00e9rmico deve ser obtido do grau efetivamente fornecido, e n\u00e3o do desenho antigo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Os dados de composi\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o apenas para refer\u00eancia geral. Os valores reais variam conforme a norma, a usina e o n\u00famero de corrida. Confirme com o certificado de ensaio do material (MTC) ou entre em contato com a Aobo Steel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para onde ir em seguida<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

As composi\u00e7\u00f5es dos graus que ainda s\u00e3o fabricados est\u00e3o na Tabela de composi\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7os para ferramentas<\/a>, e as propriedades dos grupos L e S, ambos os quais perderam graus para esta lista, est\u00e3o na Propriedades da s\u00e9rie L e da s\u00e9rie S<\/a> p\u00e1gina. As propriedades que decidem uma substitui\u00e7\u00e3o est\u00e3o reunidas na tabela de propriedades do a\u00e7o ferramenta<\/a>. A Aobo Steel cotar\u00e1 um equivalente atual para um desenho que nomeia um grau descontinuado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fonte: ASM Handbook, Vol 1, Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tool Steel Grades No Longer in Common Use, Compositions Tool steel grades go out of use for the ordinary commercial reasons. Demand for a type falls, the mills stop rolling it, and the AISI keeps the designation for years after the last heat. That matters in two situations. A drawing written in the 1980s may […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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Compositions<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Compositions of the tool steel grades no longer in common use, M6 to W7, grouped by family, for checking a grade named on an old drawing or tool.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/obsolete-tool-steel-grades\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tool Steel Grades No Longer in Common Use, Compositions\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Compositions of the tool steel grades no longer in common use, M6 to W7, grouped by family, for checking a grade named on an old drawing or tool.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/obsolete-tool-steel-grades\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AoboSteel\" \/>\n<meta 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Steel Grades No Longer in Common Use, Compositions Tool steel grades go out of use for the ordinary commercial reasons. Demand for a type falls, the mills stop rolling it, and the AISI keeps the designation for years after the last heat. That matters in two situations. A drawing written in the 1980s may…","rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Evan","author_link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/blog\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"Tool Steel Grades No Longer in Common Use, Compositions Tool steel grades go out of use for the ordinary commercial reasons. Demand for a type falls, the mills stop rolling it, and the AISI keeps the designation for years after the last heat. That matters in two situations. 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