{"id":20199,"date":"2026-09-29T02:13:10","date_gmt":"2026-09-28T18:13:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=20199"},"modified":"2026-10-16T00:16:03","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T16:16:03","slug":"h19-tool-steel-heat-treatment","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/h19-tool-steel-heat-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Tratamento t\u00e9rmico do a\u00e7o ferramenta H19"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tratamento t\u00e9rmico do a\u00e7o ferramenta H19<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

A composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica, o ciclo de t\u00eampera e a linha de revenimento que a ficha de origem apresenta para o a\u00e7o ferramenta para trabalho a quente de servi\u00e7o pesado H19. Um resumo de refer\u00eancia da pr\u00e1tica publicada e n\u00e3o uma especifica\u00e7\u00e3o da Aobo Steel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H19 no grupo de trabalho a quente<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O H19 \u00e9 um a\u00e7o ferramenta para trabalho a quente que cont\u00e9m tungst\u00eanio e cobalto al\u00e9m do cromo, e \u00e9 isso que o separa dos graus ao cromo H11, H12 e H13. A ficha de refer\u00eancia apresenta 4,26 por cento de tungst\u00eanio e 4,16 por cento de cobalto contra 4,12 por cento de cromo, portanto o grau \u00e9 projetado para resist\u00eancia ao calor e n\u00e3o para a dureza pela qual os graus de trabalho a frio s\u00e3o adquiridos. O texto de origem o situa em fundi\u00e7\u00e3o sob press\u00e3o, onde sua resist\u00eancia \u00e0 forma\u00e7\u00e3o de trincas t\u00e9rmicas \u00e9 a raz\u00e3o pela qual o grau \u00e9 mencionado, e acrescenta que o a\u00e7o pode proporcionar desgaste excepcional em trabalho a alta temperatura. \u00c9 tamb\u00e9m o grau que a mesma fonte chama de melhor escolha geral ao lado do H21, porque o H19 mant\u00e9m mais dureza e mais resist\u00eancia ao desgaste e absorve melhor o choque.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A ficha \u00e9 informa\u00e7\u00e3o de refer\u00eancia de oficina e n\u00e3o uma especifica\u00e7\u00e3o. Ela apresenta uma etapa de pr\u00e9-aquecimento, uma temperatura de t\u00eampera e dois meios de resfriamento, depois uma tabela de revenimento em Rockwell C com um \u00fanico valor em cada linha e nenhuma faixa de toler\u00e2ncia em lugar algum. Vale a pena tratar uma primeira rodada de pe\u00e7as de um novo lote de a\u00e7o como um teste antes que o ciclo entre em produ\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica do H19<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Elementos listados na ficha de refer\u00eancia, percentual<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Elemento<\/th>Percentual<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Carbono<\/td>0.42<\/td><\/tr>
Manganese<\/td>0.31<\/td><\/tr>
Silicon<\/td>0.21<\/td><\/tr>
Cromo<\/td>4.12<\/td><\/tr>
Molibd\u00eanio<\/td>0.46<\/td><\/tr>
Van\u00e1dio<\/td>2.19<\/td><\/tr>
Tungst\u00eanio<\/td>4.26<\/td><\/tr>
Cobalt<\/td>4.16<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fonte, informa\u00e7\u00f5es de refer\u00eancia de tratamento t\u00e9rmico para H19, p\u00e1gina impressa 188.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A ficha apresenta o enxofre sem valor correspondente, portanto essa linha \u00e9 omitida em vez de impressa em branco. A ficha fornece um \u00fanico valor para cada elemento onde uma norma fornece uma faixa, e o valor em cada linha aqui est\u00e1 dentro da faixa que a tabela de composi\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7os ferramenta deste site apresenta para o H19, que indica a faixa de cromo como 4,00 a 4,75 por cento, a faixa de tungst\u00eanio como 3,75 a 4,50 por cento, a faixa de van\u00e1dio como 1,75 a 2,20 por cento e a faixa de cobalto como 4,00 a 4,50 por cento contra UNS T20819. Os dados de composi\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o apenas para refer\u00eancia geral, os valores reais variam por norma, usina e n\u00famero de corrida, portanto confirme os valores contra o certificado de ensaio do material da corrida ou consulte a Aobo Steel.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O cromo a 4,12 por cento \u00e9 o valor no qual se baseia a resist\u00eancia ao calor, e \u00e9 inferior ao cromo dos graus H11 e H13, raz\u00e3o pela qual este a\u00e7o tamb\u00e9m cont\u00e9m tungst\u00eanio e cobalto. O tungst\u00eanio a 4,26 por cento e o cobalto a 4,16 por cento s\u00e3o os dois elementos por tr\u00e1s da resist\u00eancia a quente, e o cobalto \u00e9 a adi\u00e7\u00e3o que eleva a temperatura na qual o a\u00e7o ainda mant\u00e9m sua dureza. O van\u00e1dio a 2,19 por cento \u00e9 alto para um grau de trabalho a quente, e \u00e9 o elemento que forma os carbonetos duros que mant\u00eam a resist\u00eancia ao desgaste na temperatura de trabalho. O molibd\u00eanio a 0,46 por cento atua junto com o tungst\u00eanio. O mangan\u00eas a 0,31 por cento e o sil\u00edcio a 0,21 por cento s\u00e3o as adi\u00e7\u00f5es menores usuais que acompanham a pr\u00e1tica de desoxida\u00e7\u00e3o. O carbono a 0,42 por cento est\u00e1 no lado baixo da faixa dos a\u00e7os ferramenta, e isso \u00e9 deliberado em um a\u00e7o para matrizes, porque o carbono compra dureza ao custo da tenacidade e uma matriz que trinca \u00e9 pior que uma matriz que se desgasta. Os dados de composi\u00e7\u00e3o na tabela s\u00e3o apenas para refer\u00eancia geral, os valores reais variam por norma, usina e n\u00famero de corrida, portanto confirme os valores contra o certificado de ensaio do material da corrida ou consulte a Aobo Steel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00eampera do H19<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e9-aquecimento, temperatura de t\u00eampera e resfriamento<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Etapa<\/th>H19<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Pr\u00e9-aquecimento<\/td>1500 \u00b0F (815 \u00b0C)<\/td><\/tr>
Temperar<\/td>2150 \u00b0F (1175 \u00b0C)<\/td><\/tr>
Meio de t\u00eampera<\/td>T\u00eampera em \u00f3leo ou sal<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fonte, informa\u00e7\u00f5es de refer\u00eancia de tratamento t\u00e9rmico para H19, p\u00e1gina impressa 188.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A ficha apresenta uma etapa de pr\u00e9-aquecimento, uma temperatura de t\u00eampera e dois meios de resfriamento para o grau, sem condi\u00e7\u00e3o de espessura de se\u00e7\u00e3o contra nenhum deles, portanto os valores valem para a carga conforme escrita. Ambos os meios indicados na ficha resfriam mais r\u00e1pido que o ar, o que \u00e9 a caracter\u00edstica do grau e n\u00e3o um acidente da ficha.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A carga entra a 1500 \u00b0F (815 \u00b0C) para o pr\u00e9-aquecimento, depois sobe para 2150 \u00b0F (1175 \u00b0C) para austenitiza\u00e7\u00e3o, seguida de resfriamento em \u00f3leo ou sal. Ambos os meios indicados na ficha resfriam mais r\u00e1pido que o ar, e essa \u00e9 a diferen\u00e7a entre este grau e um a\u00e7o ferramenta de t\u00eampera ao ar, portanto a se\u00e7\u00e3o precisa suportar o resfriamento mais r\u00e1pido. O sal \u00e9 o meio que um tratador t\u00e9rmico comercial escolhe para um bloco de matriz, pois resfria uniformemente e deixa uma superf\u00edcie limpa, e o \u00f3leo \u00e9 a rota mais antiga impressa ao lado. Uma se\u00e7\u00e3o pesada de matriz e um resfriamento r\u00e1pido s\u00e3o a combina\u00e7\u00e3o que produz distor\u00e7\u00e3o e trincas de t\u00eampera, raz\u00e3o pela qual a etapa de pr\u00e9-aquecimento importa mais aqui do que em uma pe\u00e7a pequena. A ficha apresenta uma temperatura de t\u00eampera e nenhum tempo de perman\u00eancia, portanto o tempo na temperatura deve vir da pr\u00e1tica do seu tratador t\u00e9rmico e n\u00e3o desta tabela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resposta ao revenimento do H19<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dureza deixada por cada temperatura de revenimento<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Revenimento, \u00b0F<\/th>\u00b0C<\/th>H19, HRC<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Ap\u00f3s a t\u00eampera<\/td>\u2013<\/td>53<\/td><\/tr>
600<\/td>315<\/td>52<\/td><\/tr>
700<\/td>370<\/td>51<\/td><\/tr>
800<\/td>425<\/td>51<\/td><\/tr>
900<\/td>480<\/td>51<\/td><\/tr>
1000<\/td>540<\/td>56<\/td><\/tr>
1100<\/td>595<\/td>57<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fonte, informa\u00e7\u00f5es de refer\u00eancia de tratamento t\u00e9rmico para H19, p\u00e1gina impressa 188.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A ficha apresenta um valor Rockwell C em cada linha e nenhuma faixa de toler\u00e2ncia contra nenhum deles. A linha cai do valor conforme temperado ao longo das primeiras quatro linhas e depois sobe at\u00e9 o valor mais alto da ficha a 1100 \u00b0F (595 \u00b0C), que \u00e9 o topo da faixa que a ficha apresenta.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A linha come\u00e7a plana e depois sobe. O H19 sai do resfriamento a 53 HRC, e as primeiras quatro temperaturas de revenimento apresentadas na ficha, 600 \u00b0F (315 \u00b0C) a 900 \u00b0F (480 \u00b0C), levam a leitura para 52 e 51 HRC. A partir da\u00ed a linha sobe, para 56 HRC a 1000 \u00b0F (540 \u00b0C) e 57 HRC a 1100 \u00b0F (595 \u00b0C), o valor mais alto da ficha e o topo da faixa que ela apresenta. Essa subida \u00e9 endurecimento secund\u00e1rio. Os carbonetos de tungst\u00eanio, van\u00e1dio e cobalto saem de solu\u00e7\u00e3o durante o revenimento e devolvem dureza ao a\u00e7o, raz\u00e3o pela qual uma matriz de trabalho a quente \u00e9 revenida no topo desta faixa e n\u00e3o na base. Uma matriz que precisa manter sua dureza a 1000 \u00b0F (540 \u00b0C) em servi\u00e7o \u00e9 revenida pr\u00f3xima dessa temperatura em primeiro lugar. Nada \u00e9 apresentado acima de 1100 \u00b0F (595 \u00b0C) nesta ficha, portanto a cauda da curva fica fora dos dados de refer\u00eancia desta p\u00e1gina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Tratamento t\u00e9rmico do a\u00e7o ferramenta H19, PDF para impress\u00e3o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

A composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica, o ciclo de t\u00eampera e a resposta ao revenimento do H19 desta p\u00e1gina em um \u00fanico PDF, com nossos dados de contato.<\/p>\n\n

\n
Baixar PDF, 374 KB<\/a><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Dados de refer\u00eancia relacionados<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O H19 fica com os outros graus de trabalho a quente neste site. Os graus ao lado dele est\u00e3o apresentados na p\u00e1gina de tratamento t\u00e9rmico do a\u00e7o ferramenta H11<\/a>, a p\u00e1gina de tratamento t\u00e9rmico do a\u00e7o H13<\/a>, a p\u00e1gina do a\u00e7o ferramenta H21<\/a> e o Guia de Tratamento T\u00e9rmico do A\u00e7o para Ferramentas H10<\/a>, e o cat\u00e1logo de a\u00e7o ferramenta para trabalho a quente<\/a> re\u00fane a fam\u00edlia. As faixas de trabalho entre os grupos de a\u00e7os ferramenta est\u00e3o na Tabela de revenimento de a\u00e7o para ferramentas<\/a>, que cont\u00e9m uma linha para H19, a dureza dos mesmos graus em temperatura est\u00e1 na tabela de dureza a quente do a\u00e7o ferramenta<\/a>, que cont\u00e9m uma linha H19, e a composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica de cada grau est\u00e1 na Tabela de composi\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7os para ferramentas<\/a>. A sele\u00e7\u00e3o por aplica\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 abordada na p\u00e1gina de sele\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7o ferramenta por aplica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a> e o caso da fundi\u00e7\u00e3o sob press\u00e3o na p\u00e1gina sobre por que o a\u00e7o H13 \u00e9 usado em fundi\u00e7\u00e3o sob press\u00e3o<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dados de refer\u00eancia compilados de Heat Treatment, Selection, and Application of Tool Steels (William E. Bryson, segunda edi\u00e7\u00e3o, Carl Hanser Verlag, 2009). A composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica, o ciclo de t\u00eampera e a resposta ao revenimento do H19 v\u00eam das informa\u00e7\u00f5es de refer\u00eancia de tratamento t\u00e9rmico na p\u00e1gina impressa 188.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H19 Tool Steel Heat Treatment The chemistry, the hardening cycle and the tempering line the source card prints for H19 heavy duty hot work tool steel. A reference summary of published practice and not an Aobo Steel specification. H19 in the hot work group H19 is a hot work tool steel that carries tungsten and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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