{"id":18229,"date":"2026-09-13T10:23:15","date_gmt":"2026-09-13T02:23:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=18229"},"modified":"2026-10-21T11:01:18","modified_gmt":"2026-10-21T03:01:18","slug":"tool-steel-forging-temperature-guide","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/tool-steel-forging-temperature-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"Guia de Temperatura de Forjamento de A\u00e7o Ferramenta por Grau"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00e1tica de forjamento e p\u00f3s-forjamento<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 id=\"h-tool-steel-forging-temperature-guide\" class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">Guia de Temperatura de Forjamento de A\u00e7o Ferramenta<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Temperaturas de aquecimento, in\u00edcio, parada e resfriamento p\u00f3s-forjamento para os graus comuns de a\u00e7o para ferramentas de trabalho a frio, resistente a choques, trabalho a quente e inoxid\u00e1vel, conforme publicado nas fichas t\u00e9cnicas da usina e da forjaria. Use esta tabela para definir a janela de forjamento antes do trabalho a quente de um lingote, e para verificar a pr\u00e1tica de resfriamento lento que cada grau necessita ap\u00f3s o forjamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-cold-work-tool-steels\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">A\u00e7os para ferramentas de trabalho a frio<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Grau<\/th><th>Tipo<\/th><th>Aquecimento antes do forjamento<\/th><th>In\u00edcio do forjamento<\/th><th>Parada do forjamento (n\u00e3o abaixo)<\/th><th>Resfriamento ap\u00f3s o forjamento<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/d2-tool-steel\/\">D2<\/a><\/td><td>1.2379<\/td><td>Aque\u00e7a uniformemente at\u00e9 a temperatura de in\u00edcio<\/td><td>1052&ndash;1093 &deg;C (1925&ndash;2000 &deg;F)<\/td><td>927 &deg;C (1700 &deg;F)<\/td><td>Forjados pequenos e simples: resfriamento lento em cal. Grandes: forno a 843&nbsp;&deg;C (1550&nbsp;&deg;F), patamar, desligar o aquecimento, resfriar lentamente no forno <sup>(1)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/d3-tool-steel\/\">D3<\/a><\/td><td>1.2080<\/td><td>Aque\u00e7a lenta e uniformemente at\u00e9 a temperatura de in\u00edcio<\/td><td>1052&ndash;1093 &deg;C (1925&ndash;2000 &deg;F)<\/td><td>927 &deg;C (1700 &deg;F)<\/td><td>Forjados pequenos e simples: resfriamento lento em cal. Grandes: forno a 843&nbsp;&deg;C (1550&nbsp;&deg;F), patamar, desligar o aquecimento, resfriar lentamente <sup>(1)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/a2-tool-steel\/\">A2<\/a><\/td><td>1.2363<\/td><td>Aque\u00e7a uniformemente at\u00e9 a temperatura de in\u00edcio<\/td><td>1066&ndash;1121 &deg;C (1950&ndash;2050 &deg;F)<\/td><td>927 &deg;C (1700 &deg;F)<\/td><td>Forjados pequenos e simples: resfriamento lento em cal. Grandes: forno a 843&nbsp;&deg;C (1550&nbsp;&deg;F), patamar, desligar o aquecimento, resfriar lentamente <sup>(1)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/o1-tool-steel\/\">O1<\/a><\/td><td>1.2510<\/td><td>Aque\u00e7a lenta e uniformemente at\u00e9 a temperatura de in\u00edcio<\/td><td>982&ndash;1038 &deg;C (1800&ndash;1900 &deg;F)<\/td><td>816 &deg;C (1500 &deg;F)<\/td><td>Lentamente em cinzas, cal ou no forno <sup>(1)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/dc53-tool-steel\/\">DC53<\/a><\/td><td>&mdash;<\/td><td>N\u00e3o publicado no cat\u00e1logo da usina<\/td><td>900&ndash;1100 &deg;C (1650&ndash;2010 &deg;F)<\/td><td>900 &deg;C (1650 &deg;F)<\/td><td>N\u00e3o indicado na fonte &mdash; recomenda-se recozimento ap\u00f3s o forjamento <sup>(3)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-shock-resisting-tool-steels\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">A\u00e7os para ferramentas resistentes ao choque<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Grau<\/th><th>Tipo<\/th><th>Aquecimento antes do forjamento<\/th><th>In\u00edcio do forjamento<\/th><th>Parada do forjamento (n\u00e3o abaixo)<\/th><th>Resfriamento ap\u00f3s o forjamento<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/s7-tool-steel\/\">S7<\/a><\/td><td>&mdash;<\/td><td>Aque\u00e7a uniformemente at\u00e9 a temperatura de in\u00edcio<\/td><td>1066&ndash;1121 &deg;C (1950&ndash;2050 &deg;F)<\/td><td>927 &deg;C (1700 &deg;F)<\/td><td>Forjados pequenos e simples: cal seca, cinzas ou outro material isolante. Grandes: forno a 760&nbsp;&deg;C (1400&nbsp;&deg;F), patamar, desligar o aquecimento, resfriar no forno <sup>(1)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-hot-work-tool-steels\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">A\u00e7os-ferramenta de trabalho a quente<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Grau<\/th><th>Tipo<\/th><th>Aquecimento antes do forjamento<\/th><th>In\u00edcio do forjamento<\/th><th>Parada do forjamento (n\u00e3o abaixo)<\/th><th>Resfriamento ap\u00f3s o forjamento<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/h13-tool-steel\/\">H13<\/a><\/td><td>1.2344<\/td><td>Pr\u00e9-aquecer lentamente at\u00e9 750&nbsp;&deg;C, depois elevar mais rapidamente at\u00e9 a temperatura inicial<\/td><td>1050&ndash;1100 &deg;C<\/td><td>850 &deg;C<\/td><td>Lento &mdash; em forno ou em vermiculita <sup>(2)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/h11-tool-steel\/\">H11<\/a><\/td><td>1.2343<\/td><td>Faixa de conforma\u00e7\u00e3o a quente abaixo<\/td><td>1100&ndash;900 &deg;C <sup>(4)<\/sup><\/td><td>850 &deg;C <sup>(4)<\/sup><\/td><td>Lento &mdash; em forno ou em vermiculita <sup>(4)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-stainless-corrosion-resistant-tool-steels\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">A\u00e7os para ferramentas inoxid\u00e1veis (resistentes \u00e0 corros\u00e3o)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Grau<\/th><th>Tipo<\/th><th>Aquecimento antes do forjamento<\/th><th>In\u00edcio do forjamento<\/th><th>Parada do forjamento (n\u00e3o abaixo)<\/th><th>Resfriamento ap\u00f3s o forjamento<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/420-stainless-steel\/\">420<\/a><\/td><td>1.2083 \/ 1.4021<\/td><td>Pr\u00e9-aquecer a 760&ndash;816&nbsp;&deg;C (1400&ndash;1500&nbsp;&deg;F), depois aquecer uniformemente at\u00e9 a temperatura inicial<\/td><td>1097&ndash;1204 &deg;C (2000&ndash;2200 &deg;F)<\/td><td>900 &deg;C (1650 &deg;F)<\/td><td>Forno a 843&nbsp;&deg;C (1550&nbsp;&deg;F) se poss\u00edvel; caso contr\u00e1rio, cal seca morna ou cinzas. O resfriamento ao ar pode causar trincamento <sup>(1)(5)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"\/pt\/440c-stainless-steel\/\">440C<\/a><\/td><td>1.4125<\/td><td>Pr\u00e9-aquecer a 760&ndash;816&nbsp;&deg;C (1400&ndash;1500&nbsp;&deg;F), depois aquecer lenta e uniformemente at\u00e9 a temperatura inicial<\/td><td>1038&ndash;1149 &deg;C (1900&ndash;2100 &deg;F)<\/td><td>927 &deg;C (1700 &deg;F)<\/td><td>Forno se poss\u00edvel, caso contr\u00e1rio cal seca morna ou cinzas <sup>(1)<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><sup>(1)<\/sup> Fichas t\u00e9cnicas da Carpenter Technology (CarTech) para D2, D3, A2 (No. 484), O1, S7, 420 e 440C. Os valores s\u00e3o citados da se\u00e7\u00e3o de forjamento de cada ficha t\u00e9cnica.<\/li><li><sup>(2)<\/sup> Ficha t\u00e9cnica West Yorkshire Steel X40CrMoV5-1 (H13). Um estudo revisado por pares sobre H13 para trabalho a quente reporta temperatura de aquecimento de 1120&ndash;1150&nbsp;&deg;C, in\u00edcio do forjamento a 1050&ndash;1100&nbsp;&deg;C e temperatura final de forjamento de 850&ndash;900&nbsp;&deg;C, o que sustenta a mesma janela.<\/li><li><sup>(3)<\/sup> Cat\u00e1logo Daido Steel DC53, conforme reproduzido no boletim t\u00e9cnico do distribuidor: temperatura de forjamento 900&ndash;1100&nbsp;&deg;C; recomenda-se recozimento ap\u00f3s o forjamento para minimizar tens\u00f5es.<\/li><li><sup>(4)<\/sup> As fichas t\u00e9cnicas de usinas europeias para 1.2343 publicam uma faixa de conforma\u00e7\u00e3o a quente de 1100&ndash;900&nbsp;&deg;C em vez de um par separado de in\u00edcio\/parada. Alguns produtores citam uma janela mais estreita com limite inferior mais alto &mdash; confirme com o certificado da usina para o lote que voc\u00ea est\u00e1 trabalhando.<\/li><li><sup>(5)<\/sup> &ldquo;AISI 420&rdquo; refere-se estritamente a UNS S42000 \/ EN 1.4021 (X20Cr13, ~0,2&nbsp;%C). O grau 1.2083 \/ X42Cr13 \u00e9 o a\u00e7o para moldes &ldquo;420 modificado&rdquo; de maior teor de carbono. Os dados de forjamento de ambos constam na mesma fam\u00edlia; verifique qual deles o seu desenho especifica.<\/li><li><b>As conven\u00e7\u00f5es de temperatura de parada diferem.<\/b> As fichas t\u00e9cnicas norte-americanas indicam um \u00fanico m\u00ednimo (&ldquo;n\u00e3o forjar abaixo de&rdquo;), enquanto as fichas t\u00e9cnicas de usinas europeias publicam uma faixa de conforma\u00e7\u00e3o a quente cujo limite inferior pode ser mais baixo &mdash; para D2 e D3, por exemplo, os dados europeus d\u00e3o uma faixa de conforma\u00e7\u00e3o a quente de 1050&ndash;850&nbsp;&deg;C contra o m\u00ednimo americano de 927&nbsp;&deg;C. Ambos s\u00e3o valores publicados; a rota de usinagem e tratamento t\u00e9rmico decide qual se aplica ao seu pedido.<\/li><li><b>Reaquecimento.<\/b> Todas as fichas t\u00e9cnicas nesta tabela permitem reaquecimento quantas vezes forem necess\u00e1rias para permanecer dentro da janela de forjamento. A temperatura de parada \u00e9 um piso, n\u00e3o uma meta.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-cooling-down-is-not-annealing\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Resfriar n\u00e3o \u00e9 recozer<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O resfriamento lento ap\u00f3s o forjamento <b>n\u00e3o substitui um recozimento<\/b>. As fichas t\u00e9cnicas afirmam isso explicitamente: ap\u00f3s a pe\u00e7a forjada esfriar, ela ainda deve ser recozida antes da usinagem e da t\u00eampera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-reheat-to-stay-in-the-window\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reaque\u00e7a para permanecer na janela<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 medida que o lingote perde calor, ele cai abaixo da janela de forjamento. <b>Reaque\u00e7a quantas vezes forem necess\u00e1rias<\/b> &mdash; trabalhar abaixo da temperatura de parada \u00e9 o que produz trincamento e defeitos internos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-stainless-grades-need-slower-cooling\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Graus inoxid\u00e1veis precisam de resfriamento mais lento<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"\/pt\/420-stainless-steel\/\">420<\/a> e <a href=\"\/pt\/440c-stainless-steel\/\">440C<\/a> s\u00e3o resfriados em forno quando poss\u00edvel, ou em cal seca morna ou cinzas. <b>Resfriamento ao ar do 420 pode causar trincamento<\/b>, e ambos os graus devem ser recozidos ap\u00f3s o forjamento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-where-the-numbers-come-from\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">De onde v\u00eam os n\u00fameros<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os valores s\u00e3o citados de <b>fichas t\u00e9cnicas da usina e da forjaria<\/b> (Carpenter Technology, West Yorkshire Steel, Daido Steel). Onde os produtores diferem, a diferen\u00e7a \u00e9 mostrada em vez de ser calculada pela m\u00e9dia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-before-you-set-the-forging-window\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Antes de definir a janela de forjamento<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As temperaturas de forjamento s\u00e3o publicadas como valores t\u00edpicos para a fam\u00edlia do grau. A janela exata depende da especifica\u00e7\u00e3o do grau, da usina que produziu o a\u00e7o, do tamanho do lingote e do equipamento de forjamento. Confirme os valores com o certificado da usina para o lote que voc\u00ea est\u00e1 trabalhando antes da produ\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Todos os graus desta tabela devem ser recozidos ap\u00f3s o forjamento e resfriados at\u00e9 a temperatura ambiente antes do recozimento. Taxa de resfriamento, tempo de patamar e o ciclo de recozimento s\u00e3o abordados nas p\u00e1ginas de tratamento t\u00e9rmico de cada grau &mdash; por exemplo <a href=\"\/pt\/d2-tool-steel-heat-treatment-guide\/\">Tratamento t\u00e9rmico do D2<\/a>, <a href=\"\/pt\/h13-steel-heat-treatment\/\">Tratamento t\u00e9rmico do H13<\/a>, <a href=\"\/pt\/420-stainless-steel-heat-treatment\/\">Tratamento t\u00e9rmico do 420<\/a> e <a href=\"\/pt\/440c-stainless-steel-heat-treatment\/\">Tratamento t\u00e9rmico do 440C<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-related-reference-pages\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u00e1ginas de refer\u00eancia relacionadas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"\/pt\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/\">Tabela de temperaturas de recozimento e normaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7o ferramenta<\/a> &mdash; as temperaturas de tratamento t\u00e9rmico que se seguem ao forjamento, grau por grau.<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pt\/astm-grain-size-chart-tool-steel\/\">Tabela de Tamanho de Gr\u00e3o ASTM para A\u00e7o Ferramenta<\/a> &mdash; o tamanho de gr\u00e3o que o a\u00e7o apresenta ap\u00f3s forjamento e normaliza\u00e7\u00e3o, e como esse n\u00famero \u00e9 lido.<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pt\/steel-heat-color-chart\/\">Tabela de cores de aquecimento do a\u00e7o<\/a> &mdash; avaliar a temperatura do tarugo pela cor na forja.<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pt\/selection-of-tool-steel-for-hot-forging-dies\/\">Sele\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7o para ferramentas para matrizes de forjamento a quente<\/a> &mdash; escolher o grau para matrizes de forjamento e ferramental.<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pt\/tool-steel-for-hot-forging-stamping-trimming-dies\/\">A\u00e7o para ferramentas para forjamento a quente, estampagem e matrizes de acabamento<\/a> &mdash; graus para as matrizes que trabalham metal a quente.<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pt\/blog\/forged-vs-rolled-tool-steel\/\">A\u00e7o para ferramentas forjado vs laminado<\/a> &mdash; como a rota de conforma\u00e7\u00e3o altera o material que voc\u00ea recebe.<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pt\/blog\/wrought-steel-vs-forged-steel\/\">A\u00e7o trabalhado vs a\u00e7o forjado<\/a> &mdash; o que o fornecimento forjado realmente significa.<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pt\/tool-steel-properties-chart\/\">Propriedades gerais dos a\u00e7os ferramenta<\/a> &mdash; compara\u00e7\u00e3o entre graus de resist\u00eancia ao desgaste, tenacidade e dureza a quente.<\/li><li><a href=\"\/pt\/tool-steel-equivalent-grades\/\">Tabela de graus equivalentes de a\u00e7o para ferramentas<\/a> &mdash; refer\u00eancia cruzada AISI, DIN, JIS e GB para cada grau desta tabela.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Fonte dos dados: fichas t\u00e9cnicas Carpenter Technology (CarTech) para D2, D3, A2, O1, S7, 420 e 440C &middot; ficha t\u00e9cnica West Yorkshire Steel X40CrMoV5-1 para H13 &middot; cat\u00e1logo Daido Steel DC53 via boletim t\u00e9cnico do distribuidor &middot; fichas t\u00e9cnicas de usinas europeias para 1.2343 (H11). Revisado em 2026.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Forging &amp; Post-Forging Practice Tool Steel Forging Temperature Guide Heating, start, stop and post-forging cooling temperatures for the common cold-work, shock-resisting, hot-work and stainless tool steel grades, as published in the mill and forge-shop datasheets. Use this table to set the forging window before hot working a billet, and to check the slow-cooling practice each [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18229","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Tool Steel Forging Temperature Chart for D2, A2, O1, H13<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Start forging D2 at 1052-1093 \u00b0C and O1 at 982-1038 \u00b0C. 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