{"id":11196,"date":"2025-12-06T10:22:50","date_gmt":"2025-12-06T02:22:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=11196"},"modified":"2026-11-02T09:03:56","modified_gmt":"2026-11-02T01:03:56","slug":"skd11-tool-steel-technical-overview","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/skd11-tool-steel-technical-overview\/","title":{"rendered":"Vis\u00e3o geral t\u00e9cnica do a\u00e7o para ferramentas SKD11"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-x-large-font-size\" id=\"h-skd11-tool-steel-technical-overview\">Vis\u00e3o geral t\u00e9cnica do a\u00e7o para ferramentas SKD11<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vis\u00e3o t\u00e9cnica geral do a\u00e7o ferramenta SKD11: o SKD11 \u00e9 um grau de a\u00e7o ferramenta consolidado, especificado pela norma japonesa JIS. \u00c9 classificado como a\u00e7o ferramenta ligado de alto carbono e alto cromo, utilizado principalmente em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de trabalho a frio onde alta resist\u00eancia ao desgaste e tenacidade s\u00e3o essenciais. Muitos produtores tamb\u00e9m utilizam desgaseifica\u00e7\u00e3o a v\u00e1cuo durante a fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o para garantir alta pureza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Em resumo: SKD11 \u00e9 a designa\u00e7\u00e3o JIS G4404 para o a\u00e7o ledebur\u00edtico de trabalho a frio que a AISI designa como D2 e a EN ISO 4957 como 1.2379. Compradores que trabalham com desenho japon\u00eas especificam SKD11; o certificado retorna sob a designa\u00e7\u00e3o com que a usina trabalha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-1-key-characteristics-and-benefits\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\">1. Principais caracter\u00edsticas e benef\u00edcios:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What makes SKD11 a reliable choice? Let\u2019s look at its main properties:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Alta resist\u00eancia ao desgaste: alcan\u00e7ada por meio de carbonetos eut\u00e9ticos uniformemente distribu\u00eddos em sua estrutura. Isso se traduz em maior vida \u00fatil para ferramentas e matrizes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Boa tenacidade: oferece s\u00f3lida resist\u00eancia a rachaduras sob estresse.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Excelente temperabilidade: responde bem ao tratamento t\u00e9rmico para atingir a dureza desejada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Estabilidade Dimensional: Apresenta deforma\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00ednima durante o resfriamento r\u00e1pido.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Boa usinabilidade: gra\u00e7as ao recozimento de esferoidiza\u00e7\u00e3o, que amolece o a\u00e7o para facilitar o processamento antes do endurecimento final.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Estrutura de carboneto fino: apresenta part\u00edculas de carboneto finas e uniformes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alto potencial de dureza: pode atingir n\u00edveis de dureza acima de 62 HRC ap\u00f3s t\u00eampera e revenimento adequados.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga aprimorada: vers\u00f5es modificadas geralmente apresentam resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga aprimorada e resist\u00eancia ao desgaste ainda melhor do que a vers\u00e3o padr\u00e3o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Op\u00e7\u00f5es de Tenacidade Aprimorada: Algumas varia\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o projetadas para tenacidade melhorada, estendendo ainda mais a vida \u00fatil da matriz e minimizando altera\u00e7\u00f5es dimensionais ap\u00f3s o uso. Frequentemente atingem 58 HRC ou mais ap\u00f3s revenimento a m\u00e9dia temperatura.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-2-typical-chemical-composition-weight\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\">2. Composi\u00e7\u00e3o Qu\u00edmica T\u00edpica (Peso %):<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As composi\u00e7\u00f5es exatas variam ligeiramente entre fabricantes. As faixas abaixo s\u00e3o a especifica\u00e7\u00e3o JIS G4404 para SKD11.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Elemento<\/th><th>Faixa JIS G4404<\/th><th>Fun\u00e7\u00e3o no grau<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>C<\/td><td>1,40 \u2013 1,60<\/td><td>Forma os carbonetos duros; define dureza e resist\u00eancia ao desgaste<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cr<\/td><td>11.00 \u2013 13.00<\/td><td>Principal formador de carbonetos; resist\u00eancia ao desgaste e temperabilidade<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mo<\/td><td>0,80 \u2013 1,20<\/td><td>Endurecimento secund\u00e1rio; refino de gr\u00e3o<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>V<\/td><td>0,20 \u2013 0,50<\/td><td>Carbonetos finos; resiste ao crescimento de gr\u00e3o durante a austenitiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Si<\/td><td>0,40 m\u00e1x.<\/td><td>Desoxida\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mn<\/td><td>0,60 m\u00e1x.<\/td><td>temperabilidade<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>P<\/td><td>0,030 m\u00e1ximo<\/td><td>Residual; mantido baixo para tenacidade<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S<\/td><td>0,030 m\u00e1ximo<\/td><td>Residual; mantido baixo para limpeza<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A JIS G4404 especifica estes oito elementos. Algumas usinas tamb\u00e9m reportam Ni (0,50% m\u00e1x.) e Cu (0,25% m\u00e1x.) como limites residuais. O certificado de usina do lote prevalece.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-3-heat-treatment-guidelines\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\">3. Diretrizes para tratamento t\u00e9rmico:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Proper heat treatment is critical for SKD11\u2019s performance. Working hardness for cold work dies is usually 58 to 60 HRC, which balances wear resistance against chipping at the cutting edge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Etapa<\/th><th>Temperatura e tempo<\/th><th>Resultado<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Recozimento macio<\/td><td>820 \u2013 850 \u00b0C, resfriar 10 \u2013 20 \u00b0C\/h at\u00e9 650 \u00b0C<\/td><td>255 HBW m\u00e1x., usin\u00e1vel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Al\u00edvio de tens\u00f5es ap\u00f3s desbaste<\/td><td>650 \u2013 700 \u00b0C, 2 h, resfriamento lento<\/td><td>Tens\u00f5es de usinagem removidas<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Austenitiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td><td>1010 \u2013 1050 \u00b0C, 20 \u2013 30 min na temperatura<\/td><td>Carbonetos dissolvidos, austenita formada<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>T\u00eampera<\/td><td>\u00d3leo, ar ou banho de sal interrompido a 250 \u2013 500 \u00b0C<\/td><td>63 \u2013 65 HRC conforme temperado<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Revenimento, baixo<\/td><td>150 \u2013 200 \u00b0C, 2 h<\/td><td>62 \u2013 63 HRC, m\u00e1xima resist\u00eancia ao desgaste<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Revenimento, alto<\/td><td>500 \u2013 530 \u00b0C, 2 a 3 ciclos de 2 h<\/td><td>58 \u2013 60 HRC, endurecimento secund\u00e1rio<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nitreta\u00e7\u00e3o gasosa<\/td><td>525 \u00b0C, 20 \u2013 60 h<\/td><td>Camada de cerca de 1250 HV<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Nitreta\u00e7\u00e3o macia<\/td><td>570 \u00b0C, 2 h<\/td><td>Camada de cerca de 950 HV<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Published mill practice for SKD11 and its D2 equivalent; values shift with section size and furnace. Confirm against the certificate and the die maker\u2019s procedure.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-4-equivalent-grades-across-standards\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\">4. Notas equivalentes entre padr\u00f5es:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O SKD11 \u00e9 reconhecido internacionalmente e corresponde a v\u00e1rias outras normas. As designa\u00e7\u00f5es abaixo s\u00e3o graus equivalentes, n\u00e3o especifica\u00e7\u00f5es id\u00eanticas, pois carbono e van\u00e1dio s\u00e3o ajustados entre normas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Padr\u00e3o<\/th><th>Designa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th><th>Observa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>JIS (Jap\u00e3o)<\/td><td>SKD11<\/td><td>JIS G4404, o grau de refer\u00eancia nesta p\u00e1gina<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>AISI \/ ASTM (EUA)<\/td><td>D2<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/d2-tool-steel\/\">a\u00e7o ferramenta D2<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>EN ISO 4957 (Europa)<\/td><td>1,2379 \/ X153CrMoV12<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/1-2379-tool-steel\/\">A\u00e7o ferramenta 1.2379<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>GB (China)<\/td><td>Cr12Mo1V1<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/cr12mov-tool-steel\/\">A\u00e7o ferramenta Cr12Mo1V1<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>KS (Coreia)<\/td><td>STD11<\/td><td>Designa\u00e7\u00e3o coreana<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>BS (Reino Unido)<\/td><td>BD2<\/td><td>Designa\u00e7\u00e3o brit\u00e2nica<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NF (Fran\u00e7a)<\/td><td>X160CrMoV12<\/td><td>Designa\u00e7\u00e3o francesa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>SS (Su\u00e9cia)<\/td><td>2310<\/td><td>Designa\u00e7\u00e3o sueca<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nomes comerciais para a mesma fam\u00edlia incluem ASSAB XW-42, Hitachi SLD, Daido DC11, Nachi CDS11 e Bohler K110.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-5-common-applications\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\">5. Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es comuns:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dadas as suas propriedades, o SKD11 \u00e9 frequentemente utilizado para:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Matrizes de corte e corte fino<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Matrizes para forjamento a frio, extrus\u00e3o e estampagem profunda<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pun\u00e7\u00f5es e matrizes de bainha<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cilindros de conforma\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>L\u00e2minas de cisalhamento<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Matrizes de lamina\u00e7\u00e3o de roscas<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Matrizes de encabe\u00e7amento a frio<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Componentes resistentes ao desgaste para moldes de pl\u00e1stico<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Moldes para cer\u00e2mica<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-6-comparison-notes\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:28px\">6. Notas de compara\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Comparado ao AISI D2, o SKD11 geralmente oferece melhor tenacidade, embora o D2 possa atingir dureza um pouco maior.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>As classes SKD11 modificadas geralmente buscam um equil\u00edbrio otimizado entre tenacidade, resist\u00eancia ao desgaste e usinabilidade.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>SKD11 \u00e9 um a\u00e7o para trabalho a frio e SKD61 \u00e9 um a\u00e7o para trabalho a quente, e os dois s\u00e3o dispostos lado a lado em <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/what-is-the-difference-between-skd11-and-skd61\/\">SKD11 vs SKD61<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A composi\u00e7\u00e3o, a dureza de trabalho e o comportamento das ferramentas diferem entre as duas classes de materiais. <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/d2-vs-skd11-tool-steel\/\">Compara\u00e7\u00e3o entre D2 e SKD11<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Considera\u00e7\u00e3o importante:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sempre consulte o certificado de material espec\u00edfico ou a ficha t\u00e9cnica fornecida pelo fornecedor para obter a composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica precisa, as propriedades e as recomenda\u00e7\u00f5es de tratamento t\u00e9rmico para o lote espec\u00edfico de SKD11 que voc\u00ea est\u00e1 utilizando. Existem varia\u00e7\u00f5es, e as especifica\u00e7\u00f5es exatas s\u00e3o importantes para o desempenho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O fornecimento de chapa, barra e bloco para este grau, com o certificado e as condi\u00e7\u00f5es de pedido, est\u00e1 listado na <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/skd11-tool-steel\/\">p\u00e1gina de fornecimento do a\u00e7o ferramenta SKD11<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>SKD11 Tool Steel Technical Overview SKD11 tool steel technical overview: SKD11 is a well-established tool steel grade specified under the Japanese JIS standard. It is classified as a high-carbon, high-chromium alloy tool steel, primarily used for cold work applications where high wear resistance and toughness are crucial. Many producers also utilize vacuum degassing during manufacturing [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5584,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11196","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SKD11 Tool Steel: Composition, Equivalents &amp; Hardness<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"JIS G4404 SKD11: composition ranges (C 1.40-1.60%, Cr 11.00-13.00%), D2 \/ 1.2379 \/ Cr12Mo1V1 equivalents, 63-65 HRC as quenched and 58-60 HRC after tempering.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/pt\/skd11-tool-steel-technical-overview\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SKD11 Tool Steel Technical Overview\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"JIS G4404 SKD11: composition ranges (C 1.40-1.60%, Cr 11.00-13.00%), D2 \/ 1.2379 \/ Cr12Mo1V1 equivalents, 63-65 HRC as quenched and 58-60 HRC 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