{"id":9531,"date":"2025-08-05T13:58:09","date_gmt":"2025-08-05T05:58:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=9531"},"modified":"2026-09-18T17:47:05","modified_gmt":"2026-09-18T09:47:05","slug":"how-to-select-tool-steels","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/how-to-select-tool-steels\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo seleccionar aceros para herramientas seg\u00fan su aplicaci\u00f3n y propiedades."},"content":{"rendered":"\n<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<head>\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\">\n<title>How to Select Tool Steel by Application | Aobo Steel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Selection guide for tool steels: relative abrasion, toughness, machinability and grindability ratings, plus grades by application from cutting tools and dies to hot work and molds.\">\n<style>\n:root{\n    --aobo-accent:#2563eb; --aobo-accent-dark:#1e1e2e; 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!important;font-weight: 400 !important}.entry-content[class] .ht-spec-label,.entry-content[class] .idx,.entry-content[class] .k{font-weight: 700 !important}.entry-content[class] .aobo-note,.entry-content[class] .note{font-family: var(--ds-font-body) !important;color: var(--ds-muted) !important}.entry-content[class] .chip{font-family: var(--ds-font-head) !important;font-size: 13px !important;font-weight: 700 !important}.entry-content[class] .kicker,.entry-content[class] .eyebrow,.entry-content[class] .aobo-eyebrow{display: inline-flex !important;align-items: center;gap: 7px;margin: 0 0 14px !important;padding: 6px 14px !important;border: 1px solid var(--ds-border) !important;border-radius: 999px !important;background: #ffffff !important;color: var(--ds-blue) !important;font-family: var(--ds-font-head) !important;font-size: 13px !important;font-weight: 700 !important;letter-spacing: 0 !important;text-transform: none !important}@media (max-width: 760px){.entry-content[class] h1{font-size: clamp(22px,6.4vw,min(34px,var(--h1-max,34px))) !important}.entry-content[class] h2{font-size: 25px !important}.entry-content[class] h3{font-size: 20px !important}.entry-content[class] h4{font-size: 17px !important}.entry-content[class] p,.entry-content[class] li{font-size: 16px !important}.entry-content[class] table th,.entry-content[class] table td{font-size: 14px !important;padding: 11px 12px !important}.entry-content[class] .aobo-hero{padding: 30px 22px}.entry-content[class] .aobo-final-cta{padding: 26px 22px}.entry-content[class] .aobo-final-cta .aobo-btn{width: 100%}}\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<section class=\"aobo-ht-ref ts-props\">\n  <div class=\"aobo-wrap\">\n    <div class=\"ts-hero\">\n      <div class=\"ts-hero-top\">\n        <div class=\"ts-kicker\"><span><\/span>Tool Steel Selection Reference<\/div>\n        <h1 style=\"--h1-max:50px\">How to Select Tool Steels<\/h1>\n        <p>A practical route from application to grade. Relative property ratings for ten common tool steels, a selection table by application and working condition, and the technical checks to run before a grade is fixed. Use it as a starting point, then confirm with your heat treater and a service trial.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n\n      <div class=\"ts-tool-area\">\n        <div class=\"ts-steps\">\n<li><b>1<\/b>Find the tool application<\/li>\n<li><b>2<\/b>Identify the working condition<\/li>\n<li><b>3<\/b>Check the required property<\/li>\n<li><b>4<\/b>Compare suitable grades<\/li>\n<li><b>5<\/b>Confirm process limits<\/li>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"ts-sec\">1. Property ratings of common tool steels\n          <span>Relative ratings for ten grades that cover most die, tool and mold work. Higher is better for every column, and all four columns share the same scale.<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ts-table-wrap\">\n          <table class=\"ts-table\">\n            <thead>\n              <tr>\n                <th>Grade<\/th><th>Type<\/th>\n                <th>Abrasion resistance<\/th><th>Toughness<\/th><th>Machinability<\/th><th>Grindability<\/th>\n              <\/tr>\n            <\/thead>\n            <tbody>\n<tr class=\"ts-group\"><td colspan=\"6\">High-speed tool steels<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">M4<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">High-speed, molybdenum<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:79%\"><\/b><\/i><span>103<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:11%\"><\/b><\/i><span>14<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:46%\"><\/b><\/i><span>60<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:8%\"><\/b><\/i><span>10<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">High-speed, molybdenum<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:73%\"><\/b><\/i><span>95<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:15%\"><\/b><\/i><span>20<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:50%\"><\/b><\/i><span>65<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:8%\"><\/b><\/i><span>10<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ts-group\"><td colspan=\"6\">Cold-work tool steels<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">D2<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">Cold work, high-chromium<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:77%\"><\/b><\/i><span>100<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:15%\"><\/b><\/i><span>20<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:46%\"><\/b><\/i><span>60<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:8%\"><\/b><\/i><span>10<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">A2<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">Cold work, air-hardening<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:50%\"><\/b><\/i><span>65<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:31%\"><\/b><\/i><span>40<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:50%\"><\/b><\/i><span>65<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:34%\"><\/b><\/i><span>44<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">O1<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">Cold work, oil-hardening<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:38%\"><\/b><\/i><span>50<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:11%\"><\/b><\/i><span>14<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:69%\"><\/b><\/i><span>90<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:55%\"><\/b><\/i><span>72<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">A8<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">Cold work, air-hardening<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:37%\"><\/b><\/i><span>48<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:58%\"><\/b><\/i><span>75<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:46%\"><\/b><\/i><span>60<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:58%\"><\/b><\/i><span>75<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">O6<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">Cold work, oil-hardening<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:34%\"><\/b><\/i><span>44<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:8%\"><\/b><\/i><span>10<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:96%\"><\/b><\/i><span>125<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:58%\"><\/b><\/i><span>76<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ts-group\"><td colspan=\"6\">Hot-work tool steels<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">H13<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">Hot work, chromium<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:23%\"><\/b><\/i><span>30<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:77%\"><\/b><\/i><span>100<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:58%\"><\/b><\/i><span>75<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:77%\"><\/b><\/i><span>100<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"ts-group\"><td colspan=\"6\">Shock-resisting tool steels<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">Shock-resisting<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:34%\"><\/b><\/i><span>44<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:69%\"><\/b><\/i><span>90<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:50%\"><\/b><\/i><span>65<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:65%\"><\/b><\/i><span>85<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade\">S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-type\">Shock-resisting<\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:32%\"><\/b><\/i><span>42<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:79%\"><\/b><\/i><span>103<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:58%\"><\/b><\/i><span>75<\/span><\/span><\/td><td class=\"ts-num\"><span class=\"ts-meter\"><i><b style=\"width:71%\"><\/b><\/i><span>92<\/span><\/span><\/td><\/tr>\n            <\/tbody>\n          <\/table>\n        <\/div>\n        <ul class=\"ts-notes-list\">\n<li><sup>(a)<\/sup> <b>Abrasion resistance.<\/b> M4, D2, and M2 have the highest abrasion-resistance ratings in this comparison.<\/li>\n<li><sup>(b)<\/sup> <b>Toughness.<\/b> S7, H13, and S5 have the highest toughness ratings in this comparison.<\/li>\n<li><sup>(c)<\/sup> <b>Machinability.<\/b> O6 and O1 are easier to machine than high-wear-resistance grades such as D2, M2, and M4.<\/li>\n<li><sup>(d)<\/sup> <b>Grindability.<\/b> H13, S7, and S5 are easier to grind, while D2, M2, and M4 are more difficult.<\/li>\n<li><sup>(e)<\/sup> <b>Reading the bars.<\/b> All four properties are indexed on the same relative scale, so a longer bar means a higher rating for that property, not a higher overall ranking of the grade.<\/li>\n        <\/ul>\n\n        <div class=\"ts-sec\">2. Tool steel selection by application\n          <span>Starting point by tool and working condition. It does not replace application testing or heat-treatment confirmation. Grade names link to the grade pages.<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ts-table-wrap\">\n          <table class=\"ts-table ts-app\">\n            <thead>\n              <tr>\n                <th class=\"ts-left\">Application \/ tool<\/th><th class=\"ts-left\">Working condition<\/th>\n                <th class=\"ts-left\">Main required property<\/th><th class=\"ts-left\">General grade<\/th>\n                <th class=\"ts-left\">Higher-performance grade<\/th>\n              <\/tr>\n            <\/thead>\n            <tbody>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cutting tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Light cuts, slow speeds<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance with acceptable grindability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/o1-tool-steel\/\">O1<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/a2-tool-steel\/\">A2<\/a><\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/m2-tool-steel\/\">M2<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cutting tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Heavy cuts, fast speeds<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4, T1, <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/m42-tool-steel\/\">M42<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Boring tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Metal cutting<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Broaches<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Metalworking<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Form cutters<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Profile cutting<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Milling cutters<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Continuous cutting<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and edge wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Thread cutters<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Thread cutting<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Woodworking cutters<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Edge wear with regrinding requirement<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and grindability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cold shear blades<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Light gauge stock<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance with moderate toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/d2-tool-steel\/\">D2<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cold shear blades<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Heavy gauge stock<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Impact resistance and cracking resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/s7-tool-steel\/\">S7<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Hot shear blades<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot cutting<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7, A8<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/h13-tool-steel\/\">H13<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/h21-tool-steel\/\">H21<\/a><\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Paper knives<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Edge wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2, M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Rotary knives<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Continuous cutting wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A8<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Chipper knives<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Impact and edge wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness with wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, A8<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2, M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Blanking dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cold work, short runs<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Balanced wear resistance and machinability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1, O6<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Blanking dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cold work, long runs<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and dimensional stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2, M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Bending dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cold forming<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and dimensional stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1, O6<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Coining dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">High pressure cold work<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and compressive strength<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Embossing dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cold pressure and surface detail<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and dimensional stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cold forming dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">General forming<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance with stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Hot forming dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot work<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H13, S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H21<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cold extrusion dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">High pressure and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance with enough toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Hot extrusion dies for aluminum<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Heat softening and thermal fatigue<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H13<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/h11-tool-steel\/\">H11<\/a>, H21<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Hot extrusion dies for copper and brass<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Higher hot wear and thermal load<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and thermal resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H13<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H21<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Die casting dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Thermal fatigue, heat checking, cracking<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot work stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H13<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">Premium H13 \/ ESR H13<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Brass die casting dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Higher hot wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and heat resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H13<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H21<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Hot forging dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Heat, impact, thermal fatigue<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H13, S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H21, H43<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Hot trimming dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot impact and edge damage<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7, H13<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H21<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cold heading tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Impact, pressure, wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2, M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cold punches<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Piercing, trimming, forming<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2, M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Heavy-duty punches<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Shock-loaded punching<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness first<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Draw punches<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Drawing pressure and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, D2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Thread rolls<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Surface pressure and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Forming rolls<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Rolling pressure and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and dimensional stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1, A2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2, D7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Drive rolls<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear under contact pressure<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Wire drawing tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Sliding wear and surface pressure<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Plug gauges<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear and dimensional stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Master hobs<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Accuracy and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Cutting hobs<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cutting wear and heat<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">T1<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Lathe tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cutting heat and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M42<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Planer tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cutting wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Shaper tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cutting wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Reamers<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cutting accuracy and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Taps<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Thread cutting wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Drills<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Cutting heat and edge wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Drill bushings<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear from repeated drilling<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Brake dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Bending pressure<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">4140 HT<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Gripper dies, cold<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Holding pressure and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance and toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1, S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Gripper dies, hot<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot gripping and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7, H13<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H21<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Swaging dies, cold<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Impact and forming pressure<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Swaging dies, hot<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Heat and impact<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Hot hardness and toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H13, S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">H21<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Lamination dies<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear and edge stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">D2, M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Plastic molds<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Machining, polishing, mold surface quality<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Machinability and polishability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/p20-tool-steel\/\">P20<\/a>, H13<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\"><a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/420-stainless-steel\/\">420<\/a>, special mold steels<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Impact tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Repeated shock<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Battering tools, cold<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Shock and breakage<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Blacksmith tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Impact and heat<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Boiler-shop tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Impact work<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Chisels, cold working<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Impact and edge chipping<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Chisels, hot working<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Heat and impact<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and hot hardness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">M2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Pneumatic tools<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Repeated impact<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Concrete breakers<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Severe impact<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Screwdriver bits<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Torsion and impact<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Arbors<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Support and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and dimensional stability<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1, O6<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">A2, D2<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Collets<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Holding pressure and wear<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness and wear resistance<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">O1<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5, S7<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grade ts-left\">Chuck jaws<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Holding pressure and impact<\/td><td class=\"ts-text\">Toughness<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S5<\/td><td class=\"ts-grades\">S7<\/td><\/tr>\n            <\/tbody>\n          <\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"ts-sec\">3. Selection notes\n          <span>How to read the failure mode before changing a grade.<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ts-table-wrap\">\n          <table class=\"ts-table ts-narrow\">\n            <thead><tr><th class=\"ts-left ds-text\">Selection note<\/th><th class=\"ts-left ds-text\">Meaning<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n            <tbody>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\" style=\"font-weight:600;color:#333;\">If the tool wears gradually, start by comparing wear-resistant grades.<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">D2, M2, M4, and related grades are common starting points for abrasive wear.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\" style=\"font-weight:600;color:#333;\">If the tool chips, cracks, or breaks suddenly, check toughness before increasing hardness.<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">S7, S5, H13, and other tougher grades may be more suitable for shock-loaded tools.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\" style=\"font-weight:600;color:#333;\">If the tool works under heat, room-temperature hardness is not enough.<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Hot hardness and resistance to softening become more important.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\" style=\"font-weight:600;color:#333;\">If the tool requires frequent sharpening, grindability affects maintenance cost.<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">High-wear-resistance grades may be harder to grind.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\" style=\"font-weight:600;color:#333;\">If the tool is large or complex, heat-treatment distortion must be considered.<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Air-hardening grades are often used where dimensional stability is important.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\" style=\"font-weight:600;color:#333;\">If the production run is short, the highest-performance grade may not be economical.<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Machinability and material cost may be more important for short-run tooling.<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\" style=\"font-weight:600;color:#333;\">If the production run is long, higher wear resistance may reduce total cost.<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">More expensive grades can be justified when they reduce downtime and replacement frequency.<\/td><\/tr>\n            <\/tbody>\n          <\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"ts-sec\">4. Final technical check before grade selection\n          <span>Confirm these nine points with the tool shop and heat treater before the grade is fixed.<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"ts-table-wrap\">\n          <table class=\"ts-table ts-narrow\">\n            <thead><tr><th class=\"ts-left\">Check item<\/th><th class=\"ts-left ds-text\">Confirm before selection<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>\n            <tbody>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Tool function<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Cutting, shearing, forming, drawing, extrusion, rolling, impact, molding<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Working temperature<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Room temperature, warm work, hot work<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Main failure mode<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Wear, chipping, cracking, softening, deformation, distortion<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Load level<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Light, medium, heavy, shock-loaded<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Production volume<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Short run, medium run, long run<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Section size<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Small tool, thick section, large die block<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Heat treatment target<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Required hardness, toughness, distortion control<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Finishing requirement<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Machining, grinding, polishing, sharpening<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td class=\"ts-grades ts-left\">Cost target<\/td><td class=\"ts-text ds-text\">Material cost, machining cost, maintenance cost, cost per part<\/td><\/tr>\n            <\/tbody>\n          <\/table>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"ts-grid\">\n          <div class=\"ts-card\">\n            <h2>Faster route by application<\/h2>\n            <p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-material-finder\/\">tool steel material finder<\/a> starts from the application and narrows to suitable grades.<\/p>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ts-card\">\n            <h2>Property data behind the ratings<\/h2>\n            <p>Wear, toughness, hot hardness and working hardness for 75 AISI grades are listed in <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-properties-chart\/\">general properties of tool steels<\/a>.<\/p>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"ts-cta\">\n          <div>\n            <h3>Tool steel supply support<\/h3>\n            <p>Aobo Steel supplies common tool steel grades for bulk orders, including D2, A2, S7, H13, H11, O1 and M2. Send the grade, size, quantity and destination port, or use the <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/contact\/\">contact page<\/a>.<\/p>\n            <p>Email sales@aobosteel.com &middot; Tel and WhatsApp +86 180 6294 5370<\/p>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"ts-cta-actions\">\n            <a class=\"ts-btn-main popmake-16052\" href=\"javascript:void(0);\">Open contact form<\/a>\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steels\/\">Tool steel grades<\/a>\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <div class=\"ts-rel\">\n          <h3>Related reference pages<\/h3>\n          <p>General properties of tool steels &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-composition-chart\/\">Tool steel composition chart<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-equivalent-grades\/\">Grade comparison and equivalents<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-hot-hardness-chart\/\">Hot hardness chart<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-hardening-tempering-chart\/\">Hardening and tempering temperatures<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-machinability-rating-chart\/\">Machinability ratings<\/a><\/p>\n          <p><b>Grade families:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/cold-work-tool-steels\/\">cold-work tool steels<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/hot-work-tool-steels\/\">hot-work tool steels<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/high-speed-steels\/\">high-speed steels<\/a> &middot; <a href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/plastic-mold-steels\/\">plastic mold steels<\/a> &middot; tool steel material finder &middot; tool steel catalog<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n\n        <p class=\"ts-source\">Property ratings are relative comparison values for selection, not mechanical test results. Application notes are a starting reference only: final performance depends on steel quality, heat treatment, section size, tool design and service conditions. Verify the grade and the heat-treatment procedure before production.<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How to Select Tool Steel by Application | Aobo Steel Tool Steel Selection Reference How to Select Tool Steels A practical route from application to grade. Relative property ratings for ten common tool steels, a selection table by application and working condition, and the technical checks to run before a grade is fixed. Use it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15586,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9531","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.6 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Select Tool Steels by Application and Properties - AoboSteel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to select tool steels by application, working condition, wear resistance, toughness, machinability, grindability, and suitable grade recommendations.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/how-to-select-tool-steels\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Still confused about selecition of tool steels? Let me tell you the answer.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The selection of tool steel has always been a perplexing issue for many factories. 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