{"id":19917,"date":"2026-09-27T05:12:02","date_gmt":"2026-09-26T21:12:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=19917"},"modified":"2026-10-16T00:09:48","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T16:09:48","slug":"h12-tool-steel-heat-treatment","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/h12-tool-steel-heat-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Tratamiento t\u00e9rmico del acero para herramientas H12"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tratamiento t\u00e9rmico del acero para herramientas H12<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

El H12 es el grado de trabajo en caliente con 5% de cromo que contiene tungsteno, y las cifras a continuaci\u00f3n son lo que un taller necesita para someter el grado a un horno. La temperatura de temple, el medio de enfriamiento y la dureza que deja cada temperatura de revenido se presentan tal como los publica la ficha de origen. Un resumen de referencia de la pr\u00e1ctica publicada y no una especificaci\u00f3n de Aobo Steel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El H12 en el grupo de trabajo en caliente al tungsteno<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El H12 contiene 5.00% de cromo con 1.30% de tungsteno y 1.60% de molibdeno sobre una base de 0.35% de carbono. La tabla de composici\u00f3n de este sitio indica el rango de tungsteno para el grado como 1.00 a 1.70%, mientras que la misma tabla no muestra tungsteno para el H11 y el H13 y de 8.50 a 10.00% para el H21, por lo que el H12 se sit\u00faa entre los grados simples de 5% de cromo y los grados de trabajo en caliente al tungsteno en volumen de carburos y en costo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La ficha es informaci\u00f3n de referencia para el taller m\u00e1s que una especificaci\u00f3n. Da al grado un paso de precalentamiento, una temperatura de temple y un medio de enfriamiento, luego una l\u00ednea de revenido que avanza de 300 \u00b0F a 1200 \u00b0F a intervalos irregulares con una cifra Rockwell C en cada fila. No hay bandas de tolerancia en ninguna parte de la ficha, por lo que vale la pena probar una primera herramienta cortada de una nueva colada de acero como ensayo antes de que el ciclo pase a las herramientas de producci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En condici\u00f3n recocida el grado llega a 192 a 229 HB, la cifra que la tabla de temperaturas de recocido y normalizado de este sitio indica para el grupo H10 a H13. La misma tabla incluye el H12 entre los grados que no se normalizan y da el rango de recocido como 845 a 900 \u00b0C (1550 a 1650 \u00b0F) con una velocidad de enfriamiento m\u00e1xima de 22 \u00b0C\/h (40 \u00b0F\/h).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica del H12<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Elementos que la ficha de referencia enumera, porcentaje<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Elemento<\/th>Porcentaje<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Carbono<\/td>0.35<\/td><\/tr>
Manganese<\/td>0.30<\/td><\/tr>
Silicon<\/td>1.00<\/td><\/tr>
Cromo<\/td>5.00<\/td><\/tr>
Molibdeno<\/td>1.60<\/td><\/tr>
Vanadio<\/td>0.30<\/td><\/tr>
Tungsteno<\/td>1.30<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fuente, informaci\u00f3n de referencia de tratamiento t\u00e9rmico para H12, p\u00e1gina impresa 187.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La ficha indica una cifra para cada elemento en lugar de un rango de especificaci\u00f3n. El cobalto y el azufre aparecen en la ficha sin cifra frente a ellos y se omiten de la tabla en lugar de mostrarse como un cero.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

El tungsteno al 1.30% y el molibdeno al 1.60% son las dos cifras que aportan la dureza en caliente del grado. El carbono al 0.35% es bajo para un acero para herramientas, y eso es deliberado, porque un dado de trabajo en caliente necesita tenacidad a temperatura m\u00e1s que una alta dureza tal como se templa. La tabla de composici\u00f3n de este sitio lista el H12 como UNS T20812 con carbono de 0.30 a 0.40%, cromo de 4.75 a 5.50%, molibdeno de 1.25 a 1.75%, tungsteno de 1.00 a 1.70% y vanadio de 0.50% m\u00e1ximo, por lo que cada cifra de esta ficha se sit\u00faa dentro del rango que la norma da al grado. El cobalto y el azufre se imprimen en la ficha sin valor frente a ellos, por lo que esas filas se omiten de la tabla en lugar de imprimirse como un cero. Los datos de composici\u00f3n de la tabla son solo para referencia general, los valores reales var\u00edan seg\u00fan la norma, la acer\u00eda y el n\u00famero de colada, por lo que confirme las cifras contra el certificado de ensayo del material de la colada o consulte a Aobo Steel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Temple del H12<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Precalentamiento, temperatura de temple y enfriamiento<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Paso<\/th>H12<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Precalentamiento<\/td>1200 \u00b0F (650 \u00b0C)<\/td><\/tr>
Templar<\/td>1850 \u00b0F (1010 \u00b0C)<\/td><\/tr>
Medio de temple<\/td>Temple al aire<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fuente, informaci\u00f3n de referencia de tratamiento t\u00e9rmico para H12, p\u00e1gina impresa 187.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La ficha indica una temperatura de temple y un medio de enfriamiento para el grado, sin alternativa de aceite o sales junto al enfriamiento al aire. Su precalentamiento de 1200 \u00b0F (650 \u00b0C) se sit\u00faa por debajo de los 1500 \u00b0F (815 \u00b0C) que la tabla de temple y revenido de este sitio indica para el H11 y el H12, y la ficha no adjunta ninguna condici\u00f3n de tama\u00f1o al paso.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

El temple se realiza a 1850 \u00b0F (1010 \u00b0C) al aire. Esa cifra se sit\u00faa dentro de la banda de 1825 a 1875 \u00b0F (995 a 1025 \u00b0C) que la tabla de temple y revenido de este sitio indica para el H11 y el H12, y los 15 a 40 minutos a temperatura y el enfriamiento al aire en la misma tabla coinciden con la \u00fanica cifra de temple y el medio de enfriamiento de la ficha. El precalentamiento es la \u00fanica cifra en la que la ficha y la tabla discrepan. La ficha indica 1200 \u00b0F (650 \u00b0C) y la tabla indica 1500 \u00b0F (815 \u00b0C) para el mismo par de grados, y la ficha no marca el paso como uno que solo necesiten las secciones gruesas. Un enfriamiento al aire evita que un dado con un cambio de secci\u00f3n largo se salga de medida como lo har\u00eda un enfriamiento l\u00edquido, y es la raz\u00f3n por la que el grado se elige para herramientas de prensa en lugar de para trabajo que puede soportar un enfriamiento en aceite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Respuesta al revenido del H12<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dureza que deja cada temperatura de revenido<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Revenido, \u00b0F<\/th>\u00b0C<\/th>H12, HRC<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
Reci\u00e9n templado<\/td>Sin revenido<\/td>56<\/td><\/tr>
300<\/td>150<\/td>53<\/td><\/tr>
400<\/td>205<\/td>52<\/td><\/tr>
600<\/td>315<\/td>52<\/td><\/tr>
800<\/td>425<\/td>53<\/td><\/tr>
1000<\/td>540<\/td>54<\/td><\/tr>
1200<\/td>650<\/td>36<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Fuente, informaci\u00f3n de referencia de tratamiento t\u00e9rmico para H12, p\u00e1gina impresa 187.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La ficha avanza de 300 \u00b0F a 1200 \u00b0F y no indica fila de 500 \u00b0F. La primera fila es la dureza tal como se templa, antes de cualquier revenido.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

El temple deja el grado a 56 HRC tal como se templa, y el primer revenido a 300 \u00b0F (150 \u00b0C) lo baja a 53 HRC. La l\u00ednea luego se mantiene en 52 HRC hasta 400 \u00b0F y 600 \u00b0F (205 \u00b0C y 315 \u00b0C) y vuelve a subir a 53 HRC a 800 \u00b0F (425 \u00b0C) y 54 HRC a 1000 \u00b0F (540 \u00b0C), que es el endurecimiento secundario que los carburos de tungsteno y molibdeno devuelven a la soluci\u00f3n. Por encima de 1000 \u00b0F la dureza cae r\u00e1pidamente, a 36 HRC a 1200 \u00b0F (650 \u00b0C). La tabla de revenido de este sitio indica 1000 a 1200 \u00b0F (538 a 649 \u00b0C) como la banda de revenido para el H12 con una dureza revenida de 55 hasta 38 HRC, y la tabla de tenacidad al impacto da un revenido \u00f3ptimo de 1000 \u00b0F (540 \u00b0C) para un resultado Charpy de 96 ft lb (130 J) a 54 HRC. La ficha contiene una cifra Rockwell C por fila y ning\u00fan dato de impacto, por lo que las dos fuentes se leen juntas antes de fijar un revenido. La tabla de dureza en caliente de este sitio lleva el H12 de 54 HRC a temperatura ambiente a 22 HRC a 650 \u00b0C (1200 \u00b0F), y la parte pronunciada de esa ca\u00edda se sit\u00faa entre 540 \u00b0C y 650 \u00b0C, que es el rango que alcanza un dado en la fundici\u00f3n a presi\u00f3n de aluminio y magnesio. La p\u00e1gina de fundici\u00f3n a presi\u00f3n de este sitio lista el H11 y el H12 como las alternativas al H13 para esos dos metales. La ficha sit\u00faa la dureza tal como se templa en 56 HRC donde la tabla de dureza en caliente indica 54 HRC a temperatura ambiente, y esas dos cifras provienen de fuentes diferentes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Tratamiento t\u00e9rmico del acero para herramientas H12, PDF imprimible<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

La composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica, el ciclo de temple y la respuesta al revenido del H12 de esta p\u00e1gina en un PDF, con nuestros datos de contacto.<\/p>\n\n

\n
Descargar PDF, 372 KB<\/a><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Datos de referencia relacionados<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El grado m\u00e1s cercano en el mismo grupo es el H11 y su ciclo est\u00e1 en la p\u00e1gina de tratamiento t\u00e9rmico del acero para herramientas H11<\/a>. Los grados de trabajo en caliente al tungsteno y el trabajo al que se destinan est\u00e1n en la p\u00e1gina de acero para herramientas de trabajo en caliente<\/a>. Las bandas de temple y revenido entre los grupos est\u00e1n en la tabla de temple y revenido del acero para herramientas<\/a>, el rango de composici\u00f3n del H12 est\u00e1 en la Tabla de composici\u00f3n del acero para herramientas<\/a>, su l\u00ednea de dureza en caliente est\u00e1 en la tabla de dureza en caliente del acero para herramientas<\/a>, su dureza recocida y velocidad de enfriamiento est\u00e1n en la tabla de temperaturas de recocido y normalizado para acero para herramientas<\/a>, y el revenido en el que conserva su tenacidad est\u00e1 en la Tabla de tenacidad al impacto del acero para herramientas<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Datos de referencia recopilados de Heat Treatment, Selection, and Application of Tool Steels (William E. Bryson, segunda edici\u00f3n, Hanser). La composici\u00f3n qu\u00edmica, el ciclo de temple y la respuesta al revenido del H12 provienen de la informaci\u00f3n de referencia de tratamiento t\u00e9rmico de la p\u00e1gina impresa 187.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

H12 Tool Steel Heat Treatment H12 is the 5% chromium hot work grade that carries tungsten, and the figures below are what a shop needs to put the grade through a furnace. The hardening temperature, the quench medium and the hardness left by each tempering temperature are set out as the source card publishes them. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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Tempering Data<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The hardening temperature, air quench and tempering response of H12 hot work tool steel, with its chemistry and the hardness left at each tempering temperature.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/h12-tool-steel-heat-treatment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H12 Tool Steel Heat Treatment\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The hardening temperature, air quench and tempering response of H12 hot work tool steel, with its chemistry and the hardness left at each tempering temperature.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/h12-tool-steel-heat-treatment\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AoboSteel\" 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Tool Steel Heat Treatment H12 is the 5% chromium hot work grade that carries tungsten, and the figures below are what a shop needs to put the grade through a furnace. The hardening temperature, the quench medium and the hardness left by each tempering temperature are set out as the source card publishes them.…","rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Evan","author_link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/blog\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"H12 Tool Steel Heat Treatment H12 is the 5% chromium hot work grade that carries tungsten, and the figures below are what a shop needs to put the grade through a furnace. The hardening temperature, the quench medium and the hardness left by each tempering temperature are set out as the source card publishes them.…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19917","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19917"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22487,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/19917\/revisions\/22487"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}