Tool Steel Heat Treatment Reference | Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Complete reference table of normalizing, annealing, hardening and tempering temperatures for tool steels. Search by grade, toggle \u00b0C\/\u00b0F, mobile friendly.\">\n<style>\n .aobo-ht-ref {\n --aobo-accent: #2563eb;\n --aobo-accent-dark: #1e1e2e;\n --aobo-blue: #0c56d0;\n --aobo-blue-dark: #073b91;\n --aobo-text: #333;\n --aobo-muted: #888;\n --aobo-border: #e5e7eb;\n --aobo-border-dark: #ddd;\n --aobo-stripe: #f7f7f9;\n --aobo-hover: #e8f0fe;\n --aobo-radius: 8px;\n --aobo-radius-sm: 6px;\n --aobo-card-bg: #fff;\n --aobo-orange: #f59e0b;\n --aobo-green: #059669;\n --aobo-red: #dc2626;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n background: transparent;\n padding: 0;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, sans-serif;\n line-height: 1.6;\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-ref * { box-sizing: border-box; }\n\n .aobo-wrap { max-width: 1160px; margin: 0 auto; }\n\n \/* Hero *\/\n .aobo-hero {\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n overflow: hidden;\n }\n\n .aobo-hero-top {\n padding: 1.5em;\n background: var(--aobo-stripe);\n border-bottom: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n }\n\n .aobo-kicker {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 6px;\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n background: var(--aobo-hover);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n padding: 4px 8px;\n font-size: .85em;\n font-weight: 600;\n margin-bottom: .8em;\n }\n\n .aobo-kicker span {\n width: 6px; height: 6px;\n background: var(--aobo-orange);\n border-radius: 50%;\n display: inline-block;\n }\n\n .aobo-hero h1 {\n margin: 0;\n font-size: 2rem;\n line-height: 1.3;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n text-align: center;\n }\n\n .aobo-hero p {\n margin: .6em auto 0;\n max-width: 820px;\n font-size: .9em;\n line-height: 1.6;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n }\n\n \/* Quick stats *\/\n .aobo-quick-stats {\n display: grid;\n grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));\n gap: 12px;\n margin-top: 1em;\n }\n\n .aobo-stat {\n background: var(--aobo-card-bg);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n padding: 12px;\n text-align: center;\n }\n\n .aobo-stat strong {\n display: block;\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n font-size: 1.4em;\n margin-bottom: 2px;\n }\n\n .aobo-stat span {\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n font-size: .82em;\n line-height: 1.45;\n }\n\n \/* Tool area *\/\n .aobo-tool-area { padding: 1.5em; }\n\n \/* Tabs *\/\n .aobo-tabs {\n display: flex;\n gap: 0;\n border-bottom: 2px solid var(--aobo-border);\n margin-bottom: 1.2em;\n overflow-x: auto;\n }\n\n .aobo-tab {\n padding: .6em 1.2em;\n font-size: .92em;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n background: none;\n border: none;\n border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;\n margin-bottom: -2px;\n cursor: pointer;\n white-space: nowrap;\n transition: color .15s, border-color .15s;\n }\n\n .aobo-tab:hover { color: var(--aobo-text); }\n\n .aobo-tab.active {\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n border-bottom-color: var(--aobo-accent);\n }\n\n \/* Control bar *\/\n .aobo-control-bar {\n display: grid;\n grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto;\n gap: 10px;\n align-items: center;\n background: var(--aobo-stripe);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n padding: 1em;\n margin-bottom: 1.2em;\n }\n\n .aobo-search-box {\n position: relative;\n }\n\n .aobo-search-box input {\n width: 100%;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border-dark);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n padding: .5em .6em .5em 2em;\n font-size: .92em;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n background: #fff;\n outline: none;\n }\n\n .aobo-search-box input:focus {\n border-color: var(--aobo-accent);\n box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(37,99,235,.12);\n }\n\n .aobo-search-box::before {\n content: \"\";\n position: absolute;\n left: .6em;\n top: 50%;\n transform: translateY(-50%);\n width: 14px; height: 14px;\n background: var(--aobo-muted);\n -webkit-mask: url(\"data:image\/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='currentColor' stroke-width='2'><circle cx='11' cy='11' r='8'\/><path d='m21 21-4.3-4.3'\/><\/svg>\") center \/ contain no-repeat;\n mask: url(\"data:image\/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='currentColor' stroke-width='2'><circle cx='11' cy='11' r='8'\/><path d='m21 21-4.3-4.3'\/><\/svg>\") center \/ contain no-repeat;\n }\n\n .aobo-unit-toggle {\n display: inline-flex;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border-dark);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n overflow: hidden;\n background: #fff;\n }\n\n .aobo-unit-toggle button {\n padding: .5em .9em;\n font-size: .85em;\n font-weight: 600;\n border: none;\n background: #fff;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n cursor: pointer;\n transition: background .15s, color .15s;\n }\n\n .aobo-unit-toggle button.active {\n background: var(--aobo-accent);\n color: #fff;\n }\n\n .aobo-reset-btn {\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border-dark);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n background: #fff;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: .85em;\n padding: .5em 1em;\n cursor: pointer;\n white-space: nowrap;\n }\n\n .aobo-reset-btn:hover { background: var(--aobo-hover); }\n\n \/* Table container *\/\n .aobo-table-area { display: none; }\n .aobo-table-area.active { display: block; }\n\n \/* Category sections *\/\n .aobo-cat-section {\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n overflow: hidden;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-header {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n padding: .8em 1em;\n background: var(--aobo-stripe);\n border-bottom: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n cursor: pointer;\n user-select: none;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-header:hover { background: var(--aobo-hover); }\n\n .aobo-cat-title {\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: .95em;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 8px;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-badge {\n background: var(--aobo-hover);\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n font-size: .75em;\n font-weight: 600;\n padding: 2px 6px;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-toggle {\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n font-size: .8em;\n transition: transform .2s;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-section.collapsed .aobo-cat-toggle { transform: rotate(-90deg); }\n .aobo-cat-section.collapsed .aobo-cat-body { display: none; }\n\n .aobo-cat-body { overflow-x: auto; }\n\n \/* Data table *\/\n .aobo-ht-table {\n width: 100%;\n border-collapse: collapse;\n font-size: .88em;\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table thead th {\n background: var(--aobo-accent-dark);\n color: #fff;\n padding: .6em .7em;\n text-align: center;\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: .85em;\n white-space: nowrap;\n border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table thead th:last-child { border-right: 0; }\n\n .aobo-ht-table tbody td {\n padding: .55em .7em;\n border-bottom: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n text-align: center;\n white-space: nowrap;\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) { background: var(--aobo-stripe); }\n .aobo-ht-table tbody tr:hover { background: var(--aobo-hover); }\n\n .aobo-ht-table .aobo-grade-cell {\n text-align: left;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table .aobo-no { color: var(--aobo-muted); font-style: italic; }\n .aobo-ht-table .aobo-dash { color: var(--aobo-border-dark); }\n\n \/* Hidden columns when unit toggled *\/\n .aobo-ht-ref.hide-f .aobo-f-col { display: none; }\n .aobo-ht-ref.hide-c .aobo-c-col { display: none; }\n\n \/* Highlight search matches *\/\n .aobo-ht-table tbody tr.aobo-match {\n background: #fffbeb !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table tbody tr.aobo-no-match { display: none; }\n\n \/* Footnotes *\/\n .aobo-footnotes {\n margin-top: 1.2em;\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-left: 3px solid var(--aobo-accent);\n border-radius: 0 var(--aobo-radius) var(--aobo-radius) 0;\n padding: 1em 1.2em;\n }\n\n .aobo-footnotes h3 {\n margin: 0 0 .6em;\n font-size: 1em;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n }\n\n .aobo-footnotes ol {\n margin: 0;\n padding-left: 1.4em;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n font-size: .82em;\n line-height: 1.7;\n }\n\n .aobo-footnotes li { margin-bottom: .3em; }\n\n \/* Legend *\/\n .aobo-legend {\n display: flex;\n flex-wrap: wrap;\n gap: 8px;\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n }\n\n .aobo-legend-item {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 4px;\n font-size: .8em;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n background: var(--aobo-stripe);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n padding: 3px 8px;\n }\n\n .aobo-legend-item strong { color: var(--aobo-text); }\n\n \/* CTA *\/\n .aobo-cta {\n margin-top: 1.2em;\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #073b91 0%, #0c56d0 100%);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n padding: 1.2em;\n display: grid;\n grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;\n gap: 1em;\n align-items: center;\n color: #fff;\n box-shadow: 0 18px 45px rgba(12, 86, 208, 0.20);\n }\n\n .aobo-cta h3 { margin: 0 0 .3em; font-size: 1.1em; color: #fff; }\n .aobo-cta p { margin: 0; color: rgba(255,255,255,.92); line-height: 1.58; font-size: .88em; }\n\n .aobo-cta-actions { display: flex; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: flex-end; }\n\n .aobo-btn {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n padding: .55em 1.1em;\n border-radius: 999px;\n font-weight: 700;\n font-size: .88em;\n text-decoration: none;\n white-space: nowrap;\n transition: all 0.2s ease;\n }\n\n .aobo-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); }\n\n \/* CTA buttons: white bg + blue text (primary), transparent + white border (secondary) *\/\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-primary {\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid #fff;\n color: var(--aobo-blue) !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-primary:hover {\n background: #fff7ed;\n color: var(--aobo-blue-dark) !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-secondary {\n background: transparent;\n border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.75);\n color: #fff !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-secondary:hover {\n background: rgba(255,255,255,.14);\n border-color: #fff;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-whatsapp {\n background: #25D366;\n border: 1px solid #25D366;\n color: #fff !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-whatsapp:hover {\n background: #1da851;\n border-color: #1da851;\n }\n\n .aobo-source {\n margin-top: .8em;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n font-size: .82em;\n line-height: 1.58;\n }\n\n \/* Disclaimer *\/\n .aobo-disclaimer {\n margin-top: 1.2em;\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-left: 3px solid var(--aobo-accent);\n border-radius: 0 var(--aobo-radius) var(--aobo-radius) 0;\n padding: 1em 1.2em;\n }\n\n .aobo-disclaimer h3 {\n margin: 0 0 .5em;\n font-size: .95em;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 6px;\n }\n\n .aobo-disclaimer h3::before {\n content: \"\\2139\";\n font-size: 1em;\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n }\n\n .aobo-disclaimer p {\n margin: 0 0 .5em;\n max-width: none;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n line-height: 1.7;\n word-break: normal;\n overflow-wrap: normal;\n }\n\n .aobo-disclaimer p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }\n\n .aobo-no-results {\n display: none;\n border: 1px dashed var(--aobo-border-dark);\n background: #fff;\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n padding: 1.2em;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n text-align: center;\n font-size: .9em;\n }\n\n \/* Mobile *\/\n @media (max-width: 860px) {\n .aobo-hero-top, .aobo-tool-area { padding: 1em; }\n .aobo-quick-stats { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }\n .aobo-control-bar { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .aobo-cta { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .aobo-cta-actions { justify-content: flex-start; }\n .aobo-hero h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; }\n }\n\n @media (max-width: 520px) {\n .aobo-hero-top, .aobo-tool-area, .aobo-footnotes, .aobo-disclaimer, .aobo-cta { padding: .8em; }\n .aobo-quick-stats { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .aobo-ht-table { font-size: .82em; }\n .aobo-ht-table thead th, .aobo-ht-table tbody td { padding: .4em .4em; }\n }\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<section class=\"aobo-ht-ref\" id=\"aoboHtRef\">\n <div class=\"aobo-wrap\">\n <div class=\"aobo-hero\">\n <div class=\"aobo-hero-top\">\n <div class=\"aobo-kicker\"><span><\/span>Tool Steel Heat Treatment Data<\/div>\n <h1>Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering of Tool Steels<\/h1>\n <p>Complete reference for heat-treating temperatures of all major tool steel grades. Search by grade name, toggle between °C and °F, and expand each category group for full specification data.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"aobo-tool-area\">\n \n <div class=\"aobo-tabs\">\n <button class=\"aobo-tab active\" data-tab=\"table8\">Normalizing & Annealing<\/button>\n <button class=\"aobo-tab\" data-tab=\"table9\">Hardening & Tempering<\/button>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-control-bar\">\n <div class=\"aobo-search-box\">\n <input type=\"text\" id=\"aoboSearchInput\" placeholder=\"Search grade (e.g. H13, D2, M2, S7...)\">\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"aobo-unit-toggle\">\n <button class=\"active\" data-unit=\"c\">°C<\/button>\n <button data-unit=\"f\">°F<\/button>\n <button class=\"active\" data-unit=\"both\">Both<\/button>\n <\/div>\n <button class=\"aobo-reset-btn\" id=\"aoboResetBtn\">Reset<\/button>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-legend\">\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>O<\/strong> = Oil quench<\/span>\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>A<\/strong> = Air cool<\/span>\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>S<\/strong> = Salt bath quench<\/span>\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>W<\/strong> = Water quench<\/span>\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>B<\/strong> = Brine quench<\/span>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-no-results\" id=\"aoboNoResults\">No matching grade found. Try a different search term.<\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-table-area active\" id=\"aoboTable8\"><\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-table-area\" id=\"aoboTable9\"><\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-footnotes\" id=\"aoboFootnotes\"><\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-disclaimer\">\n <h3>Supply Scope & Technical Reference Note<\/h3>\n <p>Aobo Steel supplies tool steel in an annealed condition and does not provide final heat-treatment services such as hardening, quenching, cryogenic treatment, or tempering.<\/p>\n <p>The heat treatment parameters, hardness data, and process recommendations in this reference are provided as general technical support for our customers. Actual heat-treatment results may vary depending on furnace capacity, section size, tool geometry, material condition, quenching practice, and process control. Final heat-treatment procedures and validation should be performed by the customer’s heat-treatment facility in accordance with the specific tooling application and production requirements.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"aobo-cta\">\n <div>\n <h3>Need tool steel supply for your heat treatment shop?<\/h3>\n <p>Aobo Steel supplies tool steel and alloy steel in annealed or soft condition for distributors, stockists and industrial projects. Share the grade, size, quantity, tolerance and destination to receive a practical supply suggestion.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"aobo-cta-actions\">\n <a class=\"aobo-btn aobo-btn-primary popmake-16052\" href=\"javascript:void(0);\">Open Contact Form<\/a>\n <a class=\"aobo-btn aobo-btn-whatsapp\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/8618062945370\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chat on WhatsApp<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <p class=\"aobo-source\">Data source: ASM Handbook, Wrought Tool Steels (revised by Alan M. Bayer, Teledyne Vasco, and Lee R. Walton, Latrobe Steel Company). Tables 8 & 9. Aobo Steel supplies material in annealed\/soft condition; final hardening, tempering and heat treatment should be confirmed according to actual tool design and working condition.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<script>\n(function () {\n \/* ===== TABLE 8: Normalizing and Annealing ===== *\/\n const table8Data = [\n {\n category: \"Molybdenum High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"M1, M10\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"815-870\", annF: \"1500-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" },\n { grade: \"M2\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"212-241\" },\n { grade: \"M3, M4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"223-255\" },\n { grade: \"M7\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"815-870\", annF: \"1500-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"217-255\" },\n { grade: \"M30, M33, M34, M35, M36, M41, M42, M46, M47\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"235-269\" },\n { grade: \"M43\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"248-269\" },\n { grade: \"M44\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"248-293\" },\n { grade: \"M48\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"285-311\" },\n { grade: \"M62\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"262-285\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Tungsten High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"T1\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"217-255\" },\n { grade: \"T2\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"223-255\" },\n { grade: \"T4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"229-269\" },\n { grade: \"T5\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"235-277\" },\n { grade: \"T6\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"248-293\" },\n { grade: \"T8\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"229-255\" },\n { grade: \"T15\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"241-277\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Intermediate High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"M50\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"830-845\", annF: \"1525-1550\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"197-235\" },\n { grade: \"M52\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"830-845\", annF: \"1525-1550\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"197-235\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Chromium Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H10, H11, H12, H13\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-900\", annF: \"1550-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"192-229\" },\n { grade: \"H14\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" },\n { grade: \"H19\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-241\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Tungsten Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H21, H22, H25\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" },\n { grade: \"H23\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"212-255\" },\n { grade: \"H24, H26\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"217-241\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Molybdenum Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H41, H43\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"815-870\", annF: \"1500-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" },\n { grade: \"H42\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-900\", annF: \"1550-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"High-Carbon, High-Chromium Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"D2, D3, D4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"217-255\" },\n { grade: \"D5\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"223-255\" },\n { grade: \"D7\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"235-262\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Medium-Alloy, Air-Hardening Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"A2\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"201-229\" },\n { grade: \"A3\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-229\" },\n { grade: \"A4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"740-760\", annF: \"1360-1400\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"200-241\" },\n { grade: \"A6\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"730-745\", annF: \"1350-1375\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"217-248\" },\n { grade: \"A7\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"235-262\" },\n { grade: \"A8\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"192-223\" },\n { grade: \"A9\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"212-248\" },\n { grade: \"A10\", normalizing: \"790 \/ 1450\", annC: \"765-795\", annF: \"1410-1460\", coolC: \"8\", coolF: \"15\", hardness: \"235-269\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Oil-Hardening Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"O1\", normalizing: \"870 \/ 1600\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-212\" },\n { grade: \"O2\", normalizing: \"845 \/ 1550\", annC: \"770-845\", annF: \"1375-1425\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-212\" },\n { grade: \"O6\", normalizing: \"870 \/ 1600\", annC: \"765-790\", annF: \"1410-1450\", coolC: \"11\", coolF: \"20\", hardness: \"183-217\" },\n { grade: \"O7\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"790-815\", annF: \"1450-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"192-217\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Shock-Resisting Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"S1\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"790-815\", annF: \"1450-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-229 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"S2\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"192-217\" },\n { grade: \"S5\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"775-800\", annF: \"1425-1475\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"192-229\" },\n { grade: \"S7\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"815-845\", annF: \"1500-1550\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"187-223\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Mold Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"P2\", normalizing: \"Not required\", annC: \"730-815\", annF: \"1350-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"103-123\" },\n { grade: \"P3\", normalizing: \"Not required\", annC: \"730-815\", annF: \"1350-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"109-137\" },\n { grade: \"P4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"116-128\" },\n { grade: \"P5\", normalizing: \"Not required\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"105-116\" },\n { grade: \"P6\", normalizing: \"Not required\", annC: \"845\", annF: \"1550\", coolC: \"8\", coolF: \"15\", hardness: \"183-217\" },\n { grade: \"P20\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"149-179\" },\n { grade: \"P21\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"Do not anneal\", annF: \"Do not anneal\", coolC: \"\\u2014\", coolF: \"\\u2014\", hardness: \"\\u2014\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Low-Alloy Special-Purpose Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"L2\", normalizing: \"871-900 \/ 1600-1650\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"163-197\" },\n { grade: \"L3\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"790-815\", annF: \"1450-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"174-201\" },\n { grade: \"L6\", normalizing: \"870 \/ 1600\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-212\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Carbon-Tungsten Special-Purpose Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"F1\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"760-800\", annF: \"1400-1475\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-207\" },\n { grade: \"F2\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"790-815\", annF: \"1450-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Water-Hardening Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"W1, W2\", normalizing: \"790-925 (d)\", annC: \"740-790 (e)\", annF: \"1360-1450 (e)\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"156-201\" },\n { grade: \"W5\", normalizing: \"870-925 \/ 1600-1700\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"163-201\" }\n ]\n }\n ];\n\n \/* ===== TABLE 9: Hardening and Tempering ===== *\/\n const table9Data = [\n {\n category: \"Molybdenum High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"M1, M7, M10\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1175-1220 (b)\", hardF: \"2150-2225 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"M2\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1230 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2250 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"M3, M4, M30, M33, M34, M35\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1205-1230 (b)\", hardF: \"2200-2250 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"M36\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1220-1245 (b)\", hardF: \"2225-2275 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"M41\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1215 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2220 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M42\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1210 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2210 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"510-595 (d)\", tempF: \"950-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M43\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1215 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2220 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"510-595 (d)\", tempF: \"950-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M44\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1200-1225 (b)\", hardF: \"2190-2240 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-625 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1160 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M46\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1220 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2225 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"525-565 (d)\", tempF: \"975-1050 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M47\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1175-1200 (b)\", hardF: \"2150-2200 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"525-595 (d)\", tempF: \"975-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M48\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1175-1200 (b)\", hardF: \"2150-2200 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M62\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1175-1200 (b)\", hardF: \"2150-2200 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (d)\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Tungsten High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"T1, T2, T4, T8\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815-870\", preF: \"1500-1600\", hardC: \"1260-1300 (b)\", hardF: \"2300-2375 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"T5, T6\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815-870\", preF: \"1500-1600\", hardC: \"1275-1300 (b)\", hardF: \"2325-2375 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"T15\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815-870\", preF: \"1500-1600\", hardC: \"1205-1260 (b)\", hardF: \"2200-2300 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-650 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1200 (d)\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Intermediate High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"M50\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1095-1120\", hardF: \"2000-2050\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"525-595\", tempF: \"975-1100\" },\n { grade: \"M52\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1120-1175\", hardF: \"2050-2150\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"525-595\", tempF: \"975-1100\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Chromium Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H10\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1010-1040\", hardF: \"1850-1900\", time: \"15-40 (e)\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"540-650\", tempF: \"1000-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H11, H12\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"995-1025\", hardF: \"1825-1875\", time: \"15-40 (e)\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"540-650\", tempF: \"1000-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H13\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"995-1040\", hardF: \"1825-1900\", time: \"15-40 (e)\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"540-650\", tempF: \"1000-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H14\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1010-1065\", hardF: \"1850-1950\", time: \"15-40 (e)\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"540-650\", tempF: \"1000-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H19\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1095-1205\", hardF: \"2000-2200\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"540-705\", tempF: \"1000-1300\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Tungsten Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H21, H22\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1095-1205\", hardF: \"2000-2200\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"595-675\", tempF: \"1100-1250\" },\n { grade: \"H23\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"845\", preF: \"1550\", hardC: \"1205-1260\", hardF: \"2200-2300\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"650-815\", tempF: \"1200-1500\" },\n { grade: \"H24\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1095-1230\", hardF: \"2000-2250\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"565-650\", tempF: \"1050-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H25\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1150-1260\", hardF: \"2100-2300\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"565-675\", tempF: \"1050-1250\" },\n { grade: \"H26\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"870\", preF: \"1600\", hardC: \"1175-1260\", hardF: \"2150-2300\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A or S\", tempC: \"565-675\", tempF: \"1050-1250\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Molybdenum Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H41, H43\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1095-1190\", hardF: \"2000-2175\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A or S\", tempC: \"565-650\", tempF: \"1050-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H42\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1120-1220\", hardF: \"2050-2225\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A or S\", tempC: \"565-650\", tempF: \"1050-1200\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"High-Carbon, High-Chromium Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"D1, D5\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"980-1025\", hardF: \"1800-1875\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"205-540\", tempF: \"400-1000\" },\n { grade: \"D3\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"925-980\", hardF: \"1700-1800\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"205-540\", tempF: \"400-1000\" },\n { grade: \"D4\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"970-1010\", hardF: \"1775-1850\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"205-540\", tempF: \"400-1000\" },\n { grade: \"D7\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1010-1065\", hardF: \"1850-1950\", time: \"30-60\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"150-540\", tempF: \"300-1000\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Medium-Alloy, Air-Hardening Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"A2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"790\", preF: \"1450\", hardC: \"925-980\", hardF: \"1700-1800\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-540\", tempF: \"350-1000\" },\n { grade: \"A3\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"790\", preF: \"1450\", hardC: \"955-980\", hardF: \"1750-1800\", time: \"25-60\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-540\", tempF: \"350-1000\" },\n { grade: \"A4\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"675\", preF: \"1250\", hardC: \"815-870\", hardF: \"1500-1600\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-425\", tempF: \"350-800\" },\n { grade: \"A6\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"830-870\", hardF: \"1525-1600\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"150-425\", tempF: \"300-800\" },\n { grade: \"A7\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"955-980\", hardF: \"1750-1800\", time: \"30-60\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"150-540\", tempF: \"300-1000\" },\n { grade: \"A8\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"790\", preF: \"1450\", hardC: \"980-1010\", hardF: \"1800-1850\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-595\", tempF: \"350-1100\" },\n { grade: \"A9\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"790\", preF: \"1450\", hardC: \"980-1025\", hardF: \"1800-1875\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"510-620\", tempF: \"950-1150\" },\n { grade: \"A10\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"790-815\", hardF: \"1450-1500\", time: \"30-60\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-425\", tempF: \"350-800\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Oil-Hardening Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"O1\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"790-815\", hardF: \"1450-1500\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"O2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"760-800\", hardF: \"1400-1475\", time: \"5-20\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"O6\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"790-815\", hardF: \"1450-1500\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-315\", tempF: \"350-600\" },\n { grade: \"O7\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"W: 790-830 \/ O: 845-885\", hardF: \"W: 1450-1525 \/ O: 1550-1625\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O or W\", tempC: \"175-290\", tempF: \"350-550\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Shock-Resisting Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"S1\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-955\", hardF: \"1650-1750\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"205-650\", tempF: \"400-1200\" },\n { grade: \"S2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650 (f)\", preF: \"1200 (f)\", hardC: \"845-900\", hardF: \"1550-1650\", time: \"5-20\", quench: \"B or W\", tempC: \"175-425\", tempF: \"350-800\" },\n { grade: \"S5\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"760\", preF: \"1400\", hardC: \"870-925\", hardF: \"1600-1700\", time: \"5-20\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-425\", tempF: \"350-800\" },\n { grade: \"S7\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650-705\", preF: \"1200-1300\", hardC: \"925-955\", hardF: \"1700-1750\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"205-260\", tempF: \"400-500\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Mold Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"P2\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-925 (g) \/ 830-845 (h)\", hardF: \"1650-1750 (g) \/ 1525-1550 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"P3\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-925 (g) \/ 800-830 (h)\", hardF: \"1650-1700 (g) \/ 1475-1525 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"P4\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"970-995 (g) \/ 970-995 (h)\", hardF: \"1775-1825 (g) \/ 1775-1825 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-480\", tempF: \"350-900\" },\n { grade: \"P5\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-925 (g) \/ 845-870 (h)\", hardF: \"1650-1700 (g) \/ 1550-1600 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"O or W\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"P6\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-925 (g) \/ 790-815 (h)\", hardF: \"1650-1700 (g) \/ 1450-1500 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"175-230\", tempF: \"350-450\" },\n { grade: \"P20\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"870-900 (h) \/ 815-870\", hardF: \"1600-1650 (h) \/ 1500-1600\", time: \"15\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"480-595 (i)\", tempF: \"900-1100 (i)\" },\n { grade: \"P21 (j)\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"Do not preheat\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"705-730\", hardF: \"1300-1350\", time: \"60-180\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"510-550\", tempF: \"950-1025\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Low-Alloy Special-Purpose Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"L2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"W: 790-845 \/ O: 845-925\", hardF: \"W: 1450-1550 \/ O: 1550-1700\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O or W\", tempC: \"175-540\", tempF: \"350-1000\" },\n { grade: \"L3\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"W: 775-815 \/ O: 815-870\", hardF: \"W: 1425-1500 \/ O: 1500-1600\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O or W\", tempC: \"175-315\", tempF: \"350-600\" },\n { grade: \"L6\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"790-845\", hardF: \"1450-1550\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-540\", tempF: \"350-1000\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Carbon-Tungsten Special-Purpose Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"F1, F2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"790-870\", hardF: \"1450-1600\", time: \"15\", quench: \"W or B\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Water-Hardening Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"W1, W2, W3\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"565-650 (k)\", preF: \"1050-1200 (k)\", hardC: \"760-845\", hardF: \"1400-1550\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"B or W\", tempC: \"175-345\", tempF: \"350-650\" }\n ]\n }\n ];\n\n \/* ===== Footnotes ===== *\/\n const table8Notes = [\n \"(a) Time held at temperature varies from 15 min for small sections to 1 h for large sizes. Cooling is done in still air. Normalizing should not be confused with low-temperature annealing.\",\n \"(b) The upper limit of ranges should be used for large sections, and the lower limit for smaller sections. Time held at temperature varies from 1 h for light sections to 4 h for heavy sections and large furnace charges of high-alloy steel.\",\n \"(c) For 0.25 Si type, 183 to 207 HB; for 1.00 Si type, 207 to 229 HB.\",\n \"(d) Temperature varies with carbon content: 0.60\\u20130.75 C, 815 \\u00b0C (1500 \\u00b0F); 0.75\\u20130.90 C, 790 \\u00b0C (1450 \\u00b0F); 0.90\\u20131.10 C, 870 \\u00b0C (1600 \\u00b0F); 1.10\\u20131.40 C, 870\\u2013925 \\u00b0C (1600\\u20131700 \\u00b0F).\",\n \"(e) Temperature varies with carbon content: 0.60\\u20130.90 C, 740\\u2013790 \\u00b0C (1360\\u20131450 \\u00b0F); 0.90\\u20131.40 C, 760\\u2013790 \\u00b0C (1400\\u20131450 \\u00b0F).\"\n ];\n\n const table9Notes = [\n \"(a) O, oil quench; A, air cool; S, salt bath quench; W, water quench; B, brine quench.\",\n \"(b) When the high-temperature heating is carried out in a salt bath, the range of temperatures should be about 14 \\u00b0C (25 \\u00b0F) lower than given here.\",\n \"(c) Double tempering recommended for not less than 1 h at temperature each time.\",\n \"(d) Triple tempering recommended for not less than 1 h at temperature each time.\",\n \"(e) Times apply to open furnace heat treatment. For pack hardening, a common rule is to heat 1.2 min per mm (30 min per in.) of cross section of the pack.\",\n \"(f) Preferable for large tools to minimize decarburization.\",\n \"(g) Carburizing temperature.\",\n \"(h) After carburizing.\",\n \"(i) Carburized per case hardness.\",\n \"(j) P21 is a precipitation-hardening steel having a thermal treatment that involves solution treating and aging rather than hardening and tempering.\",\n \"(k) Recommended for large tools and tools with intricate sections.\"\n ];\n\n \/* ===== Render functions ===== *\/\n function esc(s) {\n if (s === \"\\u2014\") return '<span class=\"aobo-dash\">\\u2014<\/span>';\n if (\/do not|not required\/i.test(s)) return '<span class=\"aobo-no\">' + s + '<\/span>';\n return s;\n }\n\n function renderTable8() {\n let html = '';\n table8Data.forEach((cat, idx) => {\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-section' + (idx === 0 ? '' : ' collapsed') + '\" data-cat=\"' + idx + '\">';\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-header\"><div class=\"aobo-cat-title\">' + cat.category + ' <span class=\"aobo-cat-badge\">' + cat.rows.length + ' grades<\/span><\/div><span class=\"aobo-cat-toggle\">\\u25BC<\/span><\/div>';\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-body\"><table class=\"aobo-ht-table\"><thead><tr>';\n html += '<th>Type<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Normalizing (a)<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Annealing \\u00b0C<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Annealing \\u00b0F<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Cooling max \\u00b0C\/h<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Cooling max \\u00b0F\/h<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Hardness, HB<\/th>';\n html += '<\/tr><\/thead><tbody>';\n cat.rows.forEach(r => {\n html += '<tr data-grade=\"' + r.grade.toLowerCase() + '\">';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-grade-cell\">' + r.grade + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.normalizing) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.annC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.annF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.coolC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.coolF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.hardness) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<\/tr>';\n });\n html += '<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>';\n });\n return html;\n }\n\n function renderTable9() {\n let html = '';\n table9Data.forEach((cat, idx) => {\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-section' + (idx === 0 ? '' : ' collapsed') + '\" data-cat=\"' + idx + '\">';\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-header\"><div class=\"aobo-cat-title\">' + cat.category + ' <span class=\"aobo-cat-badge\">' + cat.rows.length + ' grades<\/span><\/div><span class=\"aobo-cat-toggle\">\\u25BC<\/span><\/div>';\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-body\"><table class=\"aobo-ht-table\"><thead><tr>';\n html += '<th>Type<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Rate of heating<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Preheat \\u00b0C<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Preheat \\u00b0F<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Hardening \\u00b0C<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Hardening \\u00b0F<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Time, min<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Quench (a)<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Tempering \\u00b0C<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Tempering \\u00b0F<\/th>';\n html += '<\/tr><\/thead><tbody>';\n cat.rows.forEach(r => {\n html += '<tr data-grade=\"' + r.grade.toLowerCase() + '\">';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-grade-cell\">' + r.grade + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.heating) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.preC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.preF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.hardC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.hardF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.time) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.quench) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.tempC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.tempF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<\/tr>';\n });\n html += '<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>';\n });\n return html;\n }\n\n function renderFootnotes(notes) {\n let html = '<h3>Notes & References<\/h3><ol>';\n notes.forEach(n => { html += '<li>' + n + '<\/li>'; });\n html += '<\/ol>';\n return html;\n }\n\n \/* ===== Init ===== *\/\n const root = document.getElementById('aoboHtRef');\n const table8El = document.getElementById('aoboTable8');\n const table9El = document.getElementById('aoboTable9');\n const footnotesEl = document.getElementById('aoboFootnotes');\n const searchInput = document.getElementById('aoboSearchInput');\n const resetBtn = document.getElementById('aoboResetBtn');\n const noResultsEl = document.getElementById('aoboNoResults');\n let currentTab = 'table8';\n\n table8El.innerHTML = renderTable8();\n table9El.innerHTML = renderTable9();\n footnotesEl.innerHTML = renderFootnotes(table8Notes);\n\n \/* Tab switching *\/\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-tab').forEach(tab => {\n tab.addEventListener('click', function () {\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-tab').forEach(t => t.classList.remove('active'));\n this.classList.add('active');\n currentTab = this.dataset.tab;\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-table-area').forEach(a => a.classList.remove('active'));\n (currentTab === 'table8' ? table8El : table9El).classList.add('active');\n footnotesEl.innerHTML = renderFootnotes(currentTab === 'table8' ? table8Notes : table9Notes);\n applySearch();\n });\n });\n\n \/* Unit toggle *\/\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button').forEach(btn => {\n btn.addEventListener('click', function () {\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button').forEach(b => b.classList.remove('active'));\n this.classList.add('active');\n const unit = this.dataset.unit;\n root.classList.remove('hide-c', 'hide-f');\n if (unit === 'c') root.classList.add('hide-f');\n else if (unit === 'f') root.classList.add('hide-c');\n });\n });\n\n \/* Category collapse *\/\n document.addEventListener('click', function (e) {\n const header = e.target.closest('.aobo-cat-header');\n if (header) {\n header.parentElement.classList.toggle('collapsed');\n }\n });\n\n \/* Search *\/\n function applySearch() {\n const term = searchInput.value.trim().toLowerCase();\n const activeArea = currentTab === 'table8' ? table8El : table9El;\n const rows = activeArea.querySelectorAll('tbody tr');\n let matchCount = 0;\n\n rows.forEach(row => {\n const grade = row.dataset.grade || '';\n if (!term || grade.indexOf(term) !== -1) {\n row.classList.remove('aobo-no-match');\n row.classList.add('aobo-match');\n if (term) matchCount++;\n else row.classList.remove('aobo-match');\n } else {\n row.classList.add('aobo-no-match');\n row.classList.remove('aobo-match');\n }\n });\n\n \/* Expand all categories when searching *\/\n if (term) {\n activeArea.querySelectorAll('.aobo-cat-section').forEach(s => s.classList.remove('collapsed'));\n noResultsEl.style.display = matchCount === 0 ? 'block' : 'none';\n } else {\n noResultsEl.style.display = 'none';\n \/* Collapse all except first *\/\n activeArea.querySelectorAll('.aobo-cat-section').forEach((s, i) => {\n if (i > 0) s.classList.add('collapsed');\n else s.classList.remove('collapsed');\n });\n }\n }\n\n searchInput.addEventListener('input', applySearch);\n\n resetBtn.addEventListener('click', function () {\n searchInput.value = '';\n applySearch();\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button').forEach(b => b.classList.remove('active'));\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button[data-unit=\"c\"]')[0].classList.add('active');\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button[data-unit=\"both\"]')[0].classList.add('active');\n root.classList.remove('hide-c', 'hide-f');\n });\n\n})();\n<\/script>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tool Steel Heat Treatment Reference | Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering Tool Steel Heat Treatment Data Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering of Tool Steels Complete reference for heat-treating temperatures of all major tool steel grades. Search by grade name, toggle between °C and °F, and expand each category group for full specification data. Normalizing & […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17168,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17163","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n<title>Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart - AoboSteel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AoboSteel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61565368220197\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1254\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1254\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"TechArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Evan\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/96118415c30ca6bb52eaf1127b052ef7\"},\"headline\":\"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-31T01:28:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":288,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart - AoboSteel\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-31T01:28:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00\",\"description\":\"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\",\"width\":1254,\"height\":1254},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"AoboSteel\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"AoboSteel\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/01\\\/cropped-aobo-steel-1.avif\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/01\\\/cropped-aobo-steel-1.avif\",\"width\":1052,\"height\":592,\"caption\":\"AoboSteel\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/profile.php?id=61565368220197\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/aobosteel-evan\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/96118415c30ca6bb52eaf1127b052ef7\",\"name\":\"Evan\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Evan\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/www.aobosteel.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/profile.php?id=61565368220197\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/aobosteel\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/aobosteel-evan\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/AobosteelEvan\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@aobosteel\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart - AoboSteel","description":"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","og_locale":"es_MX","og_type":"article","og_title":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart","og_description":"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.","og_url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","og_site_name":"AoboSteel","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61565368220197","article_modified_time":"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1254,"height":1254,"url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tiempo de lectura":"2 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"TechArticle","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/"},"author":{"name":"Evan","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/96118415c30ca6bb52eaf1127b052ef7"},"headline":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart","datePublished":"2026-07-31T01:28:48+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/"},"wordCount":288,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","name":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart - AoboSteel","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","datePublished":"2026-07-31T01:28:48+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00","description":"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","width":1254,"height":1254},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/","name":"AoboSteel","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#organization","name":"AoboSteel","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cropped-aobo-steel-1.avif","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cropped-aobo-steel-1.avif","width":1052,"height":592,"caption":"AoboSteel"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61565368220197","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/aobosteel-evan\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/96118415c30ca6bb52eaf1127b052ef7","name":"Evan","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Evan"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/www.aobosteel.com","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61565368220197","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/aobosteel\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/aobosteel-evan\/","https:\/\/x.com\/AobosteelEvan","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@aobosteel"],"url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/blog\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-300x300.png",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-768x768.png",768,768,true],"large":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-1024x1024.png",1024,1024,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-12x12.png",12,12,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Evan","author_link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/blog\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Tool Steel Heat Treatment Reference | Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering Tool Steel Heat Treatment Data Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering of Tool Steels Complete reference for heat-treating temperatures of all major tool steel grades. Search by grade name, toggle between °C and °F, and expand each category group for full specification data. Normalizing &…","rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-300x300.png",300,300,true],"large":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-1024x1024.png",1024,1024,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-12x12.png",12,12,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Evan","author_link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/blog\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"Tool Steel Heat Treatment Reference | Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering Tool Steel Heat Treatment Data Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering of Tool Steels Complete reference for heat-treating temperatures of all major tool steel grades. Search by grade name, toggle between °C and °F, and expand each category group for full specification data. Normalizing &…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17163"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17169,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17163\/revisions\/17169"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17163"}],"curies":[{"name":"gracias","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

{"id":17163,"date":"2026-07-31T09:28:48","date_gmt":"2026-07-31T01:28:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=17163"},"modified":"2026-07-31T09:28:50","modified_gmt":"2026-07-31T01:28:50","slug":"tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","title":{"rendered":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n\n\nTool Steel Heat Treatment Reference | Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Complete reference table of normalizing, annealing, hardening and tempering temperatures for tool steels. Search by grade, toggle \u00b0C\/\u00b0F, mobile friendly.\">\n<style>\n .aobo-ht-ref {\n --aobo-accent: #2563eb;\n --aobo-accent-dark: #1e1e2e;\n --aobo-blue: #0c56d0;\n --aobo-blue-dark: #073b91;\n --aobo-text: #333;\n --aobo-muted: #888;\n --aobo-border: #e5e7eb;\n --aobo-border-dark: #ddd;\n --aobo-stripe: #f7f7f9;\n --aobo-hover: #e8f0fe;\n --aobo-radius: 8px;\n --aobo-radius-sm: 6px;\n --aobo-card-bg: #fff;\n --aobo-orange: #f59e0b;\n --aobo-green: #059669;\n --aobo-red: #dc2626;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n background: transparent;\n padding: 0;\n box-sizing: border-box;\n font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \"Segoe UI\", Roboto, \"Helvetica Neue\", Arial, sans-serif;\n line-height: 1.6;\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-ref * { box-sizing: border-box; }\n\n .aobo-wrap { max-width: 1160px; margin: 0 auto; }\n\n \/* Hero *\/\n .aobo-hero {\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n overflow: hidden;\n }\n\n .aobo-hero-top {\n padding: 1.5em;\n background: var(--aobo-stripe);\n border-bottom: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n }\n\n .aobo-kicker {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 6px;\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n background: var(--aobo-hover);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n padding: 4px 8px;\n font-size: .85em;\n font-weight: 600;\n margin-bottom: .8em;\n }\n\n .aobo-kicker span {\n width: 6px; height: 6px;\n background: var(--aobo-orange);\n border-radius: 50%;\n display: inline-block;\n }\n\n .aobo-hero h1 {\n margin: 0;\n font-size: 2rem;\n line-height: 1.3;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n text-align: center;\n }\n\n .aobo-hero p {\n margin: .6em auto 0;\n max-width: 820px;\n font-size: .9em;\n line-height: 1.6;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n }\n\n \/* Quick stats *\/\n .aobo-quick-stats {\n display: grid;\n grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));\n gap: 12px;\n margin-top: 1em;\n }\n\n .aobo-stat {\n background: var(--aobo-card-bg);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n padding: 12px;\n text-align: center;\n }\n\n .aobo-stat strong {\n display: block;\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n font-size: 1.4em;\n margin-bottom: 2px;\n }\n\n .aobo-stat span {\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n font-size: .82em;\n line-height: 1.45;\n }\n\n \/* Tool area *\/\n .aobo-tool-area { padding: 1.5em; }\n\n \/* Tabs *\/\n .aobo-tabs {\n display: flex;\n gap: 0;\n border-bottom: 2px solid var(--aobo-border);\n margin-bottom: 1.2em;\n overflow-x: auto;\n }\n\n .aobo-tab {\n padding: .6em 1.2em;\n font-size: .92em;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n background: none;\n border: none;\n border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;\n margin-bottom: -2px;\n cursor: pointer;\n white-space: nowrap;\n transition: color .15s, border-color .15s;\n }\n\n .aobo-tab:hover { color: var(--aobo-text); }\n\n .aobo-tab.active {\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n border-bottom-color: var(--aobo-accent);\n }\n\n \/* Control bar *\/\n .aobo-control-bar {\n display: grid;\n grid-template-columns: 1fr auto auto;\n gap: 10px;\n align-items: center;\n background: var(--aobo-stripe);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n padding: 1em;\n margin-bottom: 1.2em;\n }\n\n .aobo-search-box {\n position: relative;\n }\n\n .aobo-search-box input {\n width: 100%;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border-dark);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n padding: .5em .6em .5em 2em;\n font-size: .92em;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n background: #fff;\n outline: none;\n }\n\n .aobo-search-box input:focus {\n border-color: var(--aobo-accent);\n box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px rgba(37,99,235,.12);\n }\n\n .aobo-search-box::before {\n content: \"\";\n position: absolute;\n left: .6em;\n top: 50%;\n transform: translateY(-50%);\n width: 14px; height: 14px;\n background: var(--aobo-muted);\n -webkit-mask: url(\"data:image\/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='currentColor' stroke-width='2'><circle cx='11' cy='11' r='8'\/><path d='m21 21-4.3-4.3'\/><\/svg>\") center \/ contain no-repeat;\n mask: url(\"data:image\/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='currentColor' stroke-width='2'><circle cx='11' cy='11' r='8'\/><path d='m21 21-4.3-4.3'\/><\/svg>\") center \/ contain no-repeat;\n }\n\n .aobo-unit-toggle {\n display: inline-flex;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border-dark);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n overflow: hidden;\n background: #fff;\n }\n\n .aobo-unit-toggle button {\n padding: .5em .9em;\n font-size: .85em;\n font-weight: 600;\n border: none;\n background: #fff;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n cursor: pointer;\n transition: background .15s, color .15s;\n }\n\n .aobo-unit-toggle button.active {\n background: var(--aobo-accent);\n color: #fff;\n }\n\n .aobo-reset-btn {\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border-dark);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n background: #fff;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: .85em;\n padding: .5em 1em;\n cursor: pointer;\n white-space: nowrap;\n }\n\n .aobo-reset-btn:hover { background: var(--aobo-hover); }\n\n \/* Table container *\/\n .aobo-table-area { display: none; }\n .aobo-table-area.active { display: block; }\n\n \/* Category sections *\/\n .aobo-cat-section {\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n overflow: hidden;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-header {\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: space-between;\n padding: .8em 1em;\n background: var(--aobo-stripe);\n border-bottom: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n cursor: pointer;\n user-select: none;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-header:hover { background: var(--aobo-hover); }\n\n .aobo-cat-title {\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: .95em;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 8px;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-badge {\n background: var(--aobo-hover);\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n font-size: .75em;\n font-weight: 600;\n padding: 2px 6px;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-toggle {\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n font-size: .8em;\n transition: transform .2s;\n }\n\n .aobo-cat-section.collapsed .aobo-cat-toggle { transform: rotate(-90deg); }\n .aobo-cat-section.collapsed .aobo-cat-body { display: none; }\n\n .aobo-cat-body { overflow-x: auto; }\n\n \/* Data table *\/\n .aobo-ht-table {\n width: 100%;\n border-collapse: collapse;\n font-size: .88em;\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table thead th {\n background: var(--aobo-accent-dark);\n color: #fff;\n padding: .6em .7em;\n text-align: center;\n font-weight: 600;\n font-size: .85em;\n white-space: nowrap;\n border-right: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.1);\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table thead th:last-child { border-right: 0; }\n\n .aobo-ht-table tbody td {\n padding: .55em .7em;\n border-bottom: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n text-align: center;\n white-space: nowrap;\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) { background: var(--aobo-stripe); }\n .aobo-ht-table tbody tr:hover { background: var(--aobo-hover); }\n\n .aobo-ht-table .aobo-grade-cell {\n text-align: left;\n font-weight: 600;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table .aobo-no { color: var(--aobo-muted); font-style: italic; }\n .aobo-ht-table .aobo-dash { color: var(--aobo-border-dark); }\n\n \/* Hidden columns when unit toggled *\/\n .aobo-ht-ref.hide-f .aobo-f-col { display: none; }\n .aobo-ht-ref.hide-c .aobo-c-col { display: none; }\n\n \/* Highlight search matches *\/\n .aobo-ht-table tbody tr.aobo-match {\n background: #fffbeb !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-ht-table tbody tr.aobo-no-match { display: none; }\n\n \/* Footnotes *\/\n .aobo-footnotes {\n margin-top: 1.2em;\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-left: 3px solid var(--aobo-accent);\n border-radius: 0 var(--aobo-radius) var(--aobo-radius) 0;\n padding: 1em 1.2em;\n }\n\n .aobo-footnotes h3 {\n margin: 0 0 .6em;\n font-size: 1em;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n }\n\n .aobo-footnotes ol {\n margin: 0;\n padding-left: 1.4em;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n font-size: .82em;\n line-height: 1.7;\n }\n\n .aobo-footnotes li { margin-bottom: .3em; }\n\n \/* Legend *\/\n .aobo-legend {\n display: flex;\n flex-wrap: wrap;\n gap: 8px;\n margin-bottom: 1em;\n }\n\n .aobo-legend-item {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 4px;\n font-size: .8em;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n background: var(--aobo-stripe);\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius-sm);\n padding: 3px 8px;\n }\n\n .aobo-legend-item strong { color: var(--aobo-text); }\n\n \/* CTA *\/\n .aobo-cta {\n margin-top: 1.2em;\n background: linear-gradient(135deg, #073b91 0%, #0c56d0 100%);\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n padding: 1.2em;\n display: grid;\n grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;\n gap: 1em;\n align-items: center;\n color: #fff;\n box-shadow: 0 18px 45px rgba(12, 86, 208, 0.20);\n }\n\n .aobo-cta h3 { margin: 0 0 .3em; font-size: 1.1em; color: #fff; }\n .aobo-cta p { margin: 0; color: rgba(255,255,255,.92); line-height: 1.58; font-size: .88em; }\n\n .aobo-cta-actions { display: flex; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: flex-end; }\n\n .aobo-btn {\n display: inline-flex;\n align-items: center;\n justify-content: center;\n padding: .55em 1.1em;\n border-radius: 999px;\n font-weight: 700;\n font-size: .88em;\n text-decoration: none;\n white-space: nowrap;\n transition: all 0.2s ease;\n }\n\n .aobo-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); }\n\n \/* CTA buttons: white bg + blue text (primary), transparent + white border (secondary) *\/\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-primary {\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid #fff;\n color: var(--aobo-blue) !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-primary:hover {\n background: #fff7ed;\n color: var(--aobo-blue-dark) !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-secondary {\n background: transparent;\n border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.75);\n color: #fff !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-secondary:hover {\n background: rgba(255,255,255,.14);\n border-color: #fff;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-whatsapp {\n background: #25D366;\n border: 1px solid #25D366;\n color: #fff !important;\n }\n\n .aobo-cta .aobo-btn-whatsapp:hover {\n background: #1da851;\n border-color: #1da851;\n }\n\n .aobo-source {\n margin-top: .8em;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n font-size: .82em;\n line-height: 1.58;\n }\n\n \/* Disclaimer *\/\n .aobo-disclaimer {\n margin-top: 1.2em;\n background: #fff;\n border: 1px solid var(--aobo-border);\n border-left: 3px solid var(--aobo-accent);\n border-radius: 0 var(--aobo-radius) var(--aobo-radius) 0;\n padding: 1em 1.2em;\n }\n\n .aobo-disclaimer h3 {\n margin: 0 0 .5em;\n font-size: .95em;\n color: var(--aobo-text);\n display: flex;\n align-items: center;\n gap: 6px;\n }\n\n .aobo-disclaimer h3::before {\n content: \"\\2139\";\n font-size: 1em;\n color: var(--aobo-accent);\n }\n\n .aobo-disclaimer p {\n margin: 0 0 .5em;\n max-width: none;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n line-height: 1.7;\n word-break: normal;\n overflow-wrap: normal;\n }\n\n .aobo-disclaimer p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }\n\n .aobo-no-results {\n display: none;\n border: 1px dashed var(--aobo-border-dark);\n background: #fff;\n border-radius: var(--aobo-radius);\n padding: 1.2em;\n color: var(--aobo-muted);\n text-align: center;\n font-size: .9em;\n }\n\n \/* Mobile *\/\n @media (max-width: 860px) {\n .aobo-hero-top, .aobo-tool-area { padding: 1em; }\n .aobo-quick-stats { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }\n .aobo-control-bar { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .aobo-cta { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .aobo-cta-actions { justify-content: flex-start; }\n .aobo-hero h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; }\n }\n\n @media (max-width: 520px) {\n .aobo-hero-top, .aobo-tool-area, .aobo-footnotes, .aobo-disclaimer, .aobo-cta { padding: .8em; }\n .aobo-quick-stats { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }\n .aobo-ht-table { font-size: .82em; }\n .aobo-ht-table thead th, .aobo-ht-table tbody td { padding: .4em .4em; }\n }\n<\/style>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n<section class=\"aobo-ht-ref\" id=\"aoboHtRef\">\n <div class=\"aobo-wrap\">\n <div class=\"aobo-hero\">\n <div class=\"aobo-hero-top\">\n <div class=\"aobo-kicker\"><span><\/span>Tool Steel Heat Treatment Data<\/div>\n <h1>Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering of Tool Steels<\/h1>\n <p>Complete reference for heat-treating temperatures of all major tool steel grades. Search by grade name, toggle between °C and °F, and expand each category group for full specification data.<\/p>\n\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"aobo-tool-area\">\n \n <div class=\"aobo-tabs\">\n <button class=\"aobo-tab active\" data-tab=\"table8\">Normalizing & Annealing<\/button>\n <button class=\"aobo-tab\" data-tab=\"table9\">Hardening & Tempering<\/button>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-control-bar\">\n <div class=\"aobo-search-box\">\n <input type=\"text\" id=\"aoboSearchInput\" placeholder=\"Search grade (e.g. H13, D2, M2, S7...)\">\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"aobo-unit-toggle\">\n <button class=\"active\" data-unit=\"c\">°C<\/button>\n <button data-unit=\"f\">°F<\/button>\n <button class=\"active\" data-unit=\"both\">Both<\/button>\n <\/div>\n <button class=\"aobo-reset-btn\" id=\"aoboResetBtn\">Reset<\/button>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-legend\">\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>O<\/strong> = Oil quench<\/span>\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>A<\/strong> = Air cool<\/span>\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>S<\/strong> = Salt bath quench<\/span>\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>W<\/strong> = Water quench<\/span>\n <span class=\"aobo-legend-item\"><strong>B<\/strong> = Brine quench<\/span>\n <\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-no-results\" id=\"aoboNoResults\">No matching grade found. Try a different search term.<\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-table-area active\" id=\"aoboTable8\"><\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-table-area\" id=\"aoboTable9\"><\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-footnotes\" id=\"aoboFootnotes\"><\/div>\n\n \n <div class=\"aobo-disclaimer\">\n <h3>Supply Scope & Technical Reference Note<\/h3>\n <p>Aobo Steel supplies tool steel in an annealed condition and does not provide final heat-treatment services such as hardening, quenching, cryogenic treatment, or tempering.<\/p>\n <p>The heat treatment parameters, hardness data, and process recommendations in this reference are provided as general technical support for our customers. Actual heat-treatment results may vary depending on furnace capacity, section size, tool geometry, material condition, quenching practice, and process control. Final heat-treatment procedures and validation should be performed by the customer’s heat-treatment facility in accordance with the specific tooling application and production requirements.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <div class=\"aobo-cta\">\n <div>\n <h3>Need tool steel supply for your heat treatment shop?<\/h3>\n <p>Aobo Steel supplies tool steel and alloy steel in annealed or soft condition for distributors, stockists and industrial projects. Share the grade, size, quantity, tolerance and destination to receive a practical supply suggestion.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n <div class=\"aobo-cta-actions\">\n <a class=\"aobo-btn aobo-btn-primary popmake-16052\" href=\"javascript:void(0);\">Open Contact Form<\/a>\n <a class=\"aobo-btn aobo-btn-whatsapp\" href=\"https:\/\/wa.me\/8618062945370\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Chat on WhatsApp<\/a>\n <\/div>\n <\/div>\n\n <p class=\"aobo-source\">Data source: ASM Handbook, Wrought Tool Steels (revised by Alan M. Bayer, Teledyne Vasco, and Lee R. Walton, Latrobe Steel Company). Tables 8 & 9. Aobo Steel supplies material in annealed\/soft condition; final hardening, tempering and heat treatment should be confirmed according to actual tool design and working condition.<\/p>\n <\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<script>\n(function () {\n \/* ===== TABLE 8: Normalizing and Annealing ===== *\/\n const table8Data = [\n {\n category: \"Molybdenum High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"M1, M10\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"815-870\", annF: \"1500-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" },\n { grade: \"M2\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"212-241\" },\n { grade: \"M3, M4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"223-255\" },\n { grade: \"M7\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"815-870\", annF: \"1500-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"217-255\" },\n { grade: \"M30, M33, M34, M35, M36, M41, M42, M46, M47\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"235-269\" },\n { grade: \"M43\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"248-269\" },\n { grade: \"M44\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"248-293\" },\n { grade: \"M48\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"285-311\" },\n { grade: \"M62\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"262-285\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Tungsten High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"T1\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"217-255\" },\n { grade: \"T2\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"223-255\" },\n { grade: \"T4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"229-269\" },\n { grade: \"T5\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"235-277\" },\n { grade: \"T6\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"248-293\" },\n { grade: \"T8\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"229-255\" },\n { grade: \"T15\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"241-277\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Intermediate High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"M50\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"830-845\", annF: \"1525-1550\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"197-235\" },\n { grade: \"M52\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"830-845\", annF: \"1525-1550\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"197-235\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Chromium Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H10, H11, H12, H13\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-900\", annF: \"1550-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"192-229\" },\n { grade: \"H14\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" },\n { grade: \"H19\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-241\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Tungsten Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H21, H22, H25\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" },\n { grade: \"H23\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"212-255\" },\n { grade: \"H24, H26\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"217-241\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Molybdenum Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H41, H43\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"815-870\", annF: \"1500-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" },\n { grade: \"H42\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-900\", annF: \"1550-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"High-Carbon, High-Chromium Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"D2, D3, D4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"217-255\" },\n { grade: \"D5\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"223-255\" },\n { grade: \"D7\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"235-262\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Medium-Alloy, Air-Hardening Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"A2\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"201-229\" },\n { grade: \"A3\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-229\" },\n { grade: \"A4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"740-760\", annF: \"1360-1400\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"200-241\" },\n { grade: \"A6\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"730-745\", annF: \"1350-1375\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"217-248\" },\n { grade: \"A7\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"235-262\" },\n { grade: \"A8\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"192-223\" },\n { grade: \"A9\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"212-248\" },\n { grade: \"A10\", normalizing: \"790 \/ 1450\", annC: \"765-795\", annF: \"1410-1460\", coolC: \"8\", coolF: \"15\", hardness: \"235-269\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Oil-Hardening Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"O1\", normalizing: \"870 \/ 1600\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-212\" },\n { grade: \"O2\", normalizing: \"845 \/ 1550\", annC: \"770-845\", annF: \"1375-1425\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-212\" },\n { grade: \"O6\", normalizing: \"870 \/ 1600\", annC: \"765-790\", annF: \"1410-1450\", coolC: \"11\", coolF: \"20\", hardness: \"183-217\" },\n { grade: \"O7\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"790-815\", annF: \"1450-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"192-217\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Shock-Resisting Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"S1\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"790-815\", annF: \"1450-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-229 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"S2\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"192-217\" },\n { grade: \"S5\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"775-800\", annF: \"1425-1475\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"192-229\" },\n { grade: \"S7\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"815-845\", annF: \"1500-1550\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"187-223\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Mold Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"P2\", normalizing: \"Not required\", annC: \"730-815\", annF: \"1350-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"103-123\" },\n { grade: \"P3\", normalizing: \"Not required\", annC: \"730-815\", annF: \"1350-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"109-137\" },\n { grade: \"P4\", normalizing: \"Do not normalize\", annC: \"870-900\", annF: \"1600-1650\", coolC: \"14\", coolF: \"25\", hardness: \"116-128\" },\n { grade: \"P5\", normalizing: \"Not required\", annC: \"845-870\", annF: \"1550-1600\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"105-116\" },\n { grade: \"P6\", normalizing: \"Not required\", annC: \"845\", annF: \"1550\", coolC: \"8\", coolF: \"15\", hardness: \"183-217\" },\n { grade: \"P20\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"149-179\" },\n { grade: \"P21\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"Do not anneal\", annF: \"Do not anneal\", coolC: \"\\u2014\", coolF: \"\\u2014\", hardness: \"\\u2014\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Low-Alloy Special-Purpose Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"L2\", normalizing: \"871-900 \/ 1600-1650\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"163-197\" },\n { grade: \"L3\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"790-815\", annF: \"1450-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"174-201\" },\n { grade: \"L6\", normalizing: \"870 \/ 1600\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-212\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Carbon-Tungsten Special-Purpose Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"F1\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"760-800\", annF: \"1400-1475\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"183-207\" },\n { grade: \"F2\", normalizing: \"900 \/ 1650\", annC: \"790-815\", annF: \"1450-1500\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"207-235\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Water-Hardening Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"W1, W2\", normalizing: \"790-925 (d)\", annC: \"740-790 (e)\", annF: \"1360-1450 (e)\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"156-201\" },\n { grade: \"W5\", normalizing: \"870-925 \/ 1600-1700\", annC: \"760-790\", annF: \"1400-1450\", coolC: \"22\", coolF: \"40\", hardness: \"163-201\" }\n ]\n }\n ];\n\n \/* ===== TABLE 9: Hardening and Tempering ===== *\/\n const table9Data = [\n {\n category: \"Molybdenum High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"M1, M7, M10\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1175-1220 (b)\", hardF: \"2150-2225 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"M2\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1230 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2250 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"M3, M4, M30, M33, M34, M35\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1205-1230 (b)\", hardF: \"2200-2250 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"M36\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1220-1245 (b)\", hardF: \"2225-2275 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"M41\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1215 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2220 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M42\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1210 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2210 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"510-595 (d)\", tempF: \"950-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M43\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1215 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2220 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"510-595 (d)\", tempF: \"950-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M44\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1200-1225 (b)\", hardF: \"2190-2240 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-625 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1160 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M46\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1190-1220 (b)\", hardF: \"2175-2225 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"525-565 (d)\", tempF: \"975-1050 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M47\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1175-1200 (b)\", hardF: \"2150-2200 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"525-595 (d)\", tempF: \"975-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M48\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1175-1200 (b)\", hardF: \"2150-2200 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (d)\" },\n { grade: \"M62\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1175-1200 (b)\", hardF: \"2150-2200 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (d)\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Tungsten High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"T1, T2, T4, T8\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815-870\", preF: \"1500-1600\", hardC: \"1260-1300 (b)\", hardF: \"2300-2375 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"T5, T6\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815-870\", preF: \"1500-1600\", hardC: \"1275-1300 (b)\", hardF: \"2325-2375 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-595 (c)\", tempF: \"1000-1100 (c)\" },\n { grade: \"T15\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815-870\", preF: \"1500-1600\", hardC: \"1205-1260 (b)\", hardF: \"2200-2300 (b)\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"540-650 (d)\", tempF: \"1000-1200 (d)\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Intermediate High-Speed Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"M50\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1095-1120\", hardF: \"2000-2050\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"525-595\", tempF: \"975-1100\" },\n { grade: \"M52\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1120-1175\", hardF: \"2050-2150\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A, or S\", tempC: \"525-595\", tempF: \"975-1100\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Chromium Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H10\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1010-1040\", hardF: \"1850-1900\", time: \"15-40 (e)\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"540-650\", tempF: \"1000-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H11, H12\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"995-1025\", hardF: \"1825-1875\", time: \"15-40 (e)\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"540-650\", tempF: \"1000-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H13\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"995-1040\", hardF: \"1825-1900\", time: \"15-40 (e)\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"540-650\", tempF: \"1000-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H14\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1010-1065\", hardF: \"1850-1950\", time: \"15-40 (e)\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"540-650\", tempF: \"1000-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H19\", heating: \"Moderately from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1095-1205\", hardF: \"2000-2200\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"540-705\", tempF: \"1000-1300\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Tungsten Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H21, H22\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1095-1205\", hardF: \"2000-2200\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"595-675\", tempF: \"1100-1250\" },\n { grade: \"H23\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"845\", preF: \"1550\", hardC: \"1205-1260\", hardF: \"2200-2300\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"650-815\", tempF: \"1200-1500\" },\n { grade: \"H24\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1095-1230\", hardF: \"2000-2250\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"565-650\", tempF: \"1050-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H25\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1150-1260\", hardF: \"2100-2300\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"565-675\", tempF: \"1050-1250\" },\n { grade: \"H26\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"870\", preF: \"1600\", hardC: \"1175-1260\", hardF: \"2150-2300\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A or S\", tempC: \"565-675\", tempF: \"1050-1250\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Molybdenum Hot-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"H41, H43\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1095-1190\", hardF: \"2000-2175\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A or S\", tempC: \"565-650\", tempF: \"1050-1200\" },\n { grade: \"H42\", heating: \"Rapidly from preheat\", preC: \"730-845\", preF: \"1350-1550\", hardC: \"1120-1220\", hardF: \"2050-2225\", time: \"2-5\", quench: \"O, A or S\", tempC: \"565-650\", tempF: \"1050-1200\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"High-Carbon, High-Chromium Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"D1, D5\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"980-1025\", hardF: \"1800-1875\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"205-540\", tempF: \"400-1000\" },\n { grade: \"D3\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"925-980\", hardF: \"1700-1800\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"205-540\", tempF: \"400-1000\" },\n { grade: \"D4\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"970-1010\", hardF: \"1775-1850\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"205-540\", tempF: \"400-1000\" },\n { grade: \"D7\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"1010-1065\", hardF: \"1850-1950\", time: \"30-60\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"150-540\", tempF: \"300-1000\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Medium-Alloy, Air-Hardening Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"A2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"790\", preF: \"1450\", hardC: \"925-980\", hardF: \"1700-1800\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-540\", tempF: \"350-1000\" },\n { grade: \"A3\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"790\", preF: \"1450\", hardC: \"955-980\", hardF: \"1750-1800\", time: \"25-60\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-540\", tempF: \"350-1000\" },\n { grade: \"A4\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"675\", preF: \"1250\", hardC: \"815-870\", hardF: \"1500-1600\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-425\", tempF: \"350-800\" },\n { grade: \"A6\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"830-870\", hardF: \"1525-1600\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"150-425\", tempF: \"300-800\" },\n { grade: \"A7\", heating: \"Very slowly\", preC: \"815\", preF: \"1500\", hardC: \"955-980\", hardF: \"1750-1800\", time: \"30-60\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"150-540\", tempF: \"300-1000\" },\n { grade: \"A8\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"790\", preF: \"1450\", hardC: \"980-1010\", hardF: \"1800-1850\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-595\", tempF: \"350-1100\" },\n { grade: \"A9\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"790\", preF: \"1450\", hardC: \"980-1025\", hardF: \"1800-1875\", time: \"20-45\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"510-620\", tempF: \"950-1150\" },\n { grade: \"A10\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"790-815\", hardF: \"1450-1500\", time: \"30-60\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-425\", tempF: \"350-800\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Oil-Hardening Cold-Work Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"O1\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"790-815\", hardF: \"1450-1500\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"O2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"760-800\", hardF: \"1400-1475\", time: \"5-20\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"O6\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"790-815\", hardF: \"1450-1500\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-315\", tempF: \"350-600\" },\n { grade: \"O7\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"W: 790-830 \/ O: 845-885\", hardF: \"W: 1450-1525 \/ O: 1550-1625\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O or W\", tempC: \"175-290\", tempF: \"350-550\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Shock-Resisting Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"S1\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-955\", hardF: \"1650-1750\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"205-650\", tempF: \"400-1200\" },\n { grade: \"S2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650 (f)\", preF: \"1200 (f)\", hardC: \"845-900\", hardF: \"1550-1650\", time: \"5-20\", quench: \"B or W\", tempC: \"175-425\", tempF: \"350-800\" },\n { grade: \"S5\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"760\", preF: \"1400\", hardC: \"870-925\", hardF: \"1600-1700\", time: \"5-20\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-425\", tempF: \"350-800\" },\n { grade: \"S7\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650-705\", preF: \"1200-1300\", hardC: \"925-955\", hardF: \"1700-1750\", time: \"15-45\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"205-260\", tempF: \"400-500\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Mold Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"P2\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-925 (g) \/ 830-845 (h)\", hardF: \"1650-1750 (g) \/ 1525-1550 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"P3\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-925 (g) \/ 800-830 (h)\", hardF: \"1650-1700 (g) \/ 1475-1525 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"P4\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"970-995 (g) \/ 970-995 (h)\", hardF: \"1775-1825 (g) \/ 1775-1825 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"A\", tempC: \"175-480\", tempF: \"350-900\" },\n { grade: \"P5\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-925 (g) \/ 845-870 (h)\", hardF: \"1650-1700 (g) \/ 1550-1600 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"O or W\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" },\n { grade: \"P6\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"900-925 (g) \/ 790-815 (h)\", hardF: \"1650-1700 (g) \/ 1450-1500 (h)\", time: \"15\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"175-230\", tempF: \"350-450\" },\n { grade: \"P20\", heating: \"\\u2014\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"870-900 (h) \/ 815-870\", hardF: \"1600-1650 (h) \/ 1500-1600\", time: \"15\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"480-595 (i)\", tempF: \"900-1100 (i)\" },\n { grade: \"P21 (j)\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"Do not preheat\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"705-730\", hardF: \"1300-1350\", time: \"60-180\", quench: \"A or O\", tempC: \"510-550\", tempF: \"950-1025\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Low-Alloy Special-Purpose Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"L2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"W: 790-845 \/ O: 845-925\", hardF: \"W: 1450-1550 \/ O: 1550-1700\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O or W\", tempC: \"175-540\", tempF: \"350-1000\" },\n { grade: \"L3\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"W: 775-815 \/ O: 815-870\", hardF: \"W: 1425-1500 \/ O: 1500-1600\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O or W\", tempC: \"175-315\", tempF: \"350-600\" },\n { grade: \"L6\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"\\u2014\", preF: \"\\u2014\", hardC: \"790-845\", hardF: \"1450-1550\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"O\", tempC: \"175-540\", tempF: \"350-1000\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Carbon-Tungsten Special-Purpose Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"F1, F2\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"650\", preF: \"1200\", hardC: \"790-870\", hardF: \"1450-1600\", time: \"15\", quench: \"W or B\", tempC: \"175-260\", tempF: \"350-500\" }\n ]\n },\n {\n category: \"Water-Hardening Steels\",\n rows: [\n { grade: \"W1, W2, W3\", heating: \"Slowly\", preC: \"565-650 (k)\", preF: \"1050-1200 (k)\", hardC: \"760-845\", hardF: \"1400-1550\", time: \"10-30\", quench: \"B or W\", tempC: \"175-345\", tempF: \"350-650\" }\n ]\n }\n ];\n\n \/* ===== Footnotes ===== *\/\n const table8Notes = [\n \"(a) Time held at temperature varies from 15 min for small sections to 1 h for large sizes. Cooling is done in still air. Normalizing should not be confused with low-temperature annealing.\",\n \"(b) The upper limit of ranges should be used for large sections, and the lower limit for smaller sections. Time held at temperature varies from 1 h for light sections to 4 h for heavy sections and large furnace charges of high-alloy steel.\",\n \"(c) For 0.25 Si type, 183 to 207 HB; for 1.00 Si type, 207 to 229 HB.\",\n \"(d) Temperature varies with carbon content: 0.60\\u20130.75 C, 815 \\u00b0C (1500 \\u00b0F); 0.75\\u20130.90 C, 790 \\u00b0C (1450 \\u00b0F); 0.90\\u20131.10 C, 870 \\u00b0C (1600 \\u00b0F); 1.10\\u20131.40 C, 870\\u2013925 \\u00b0C (1600\\u20131700 \\u00b0F).\",\n \"(e) Temperature varies with carbon content: 0.60\\u20130.90 C, 740\\u2013790 \\u00b0C (1360\\u20131450 \\u00b0F); 0.90\\u20131.40 C, 760\\u2013790 \\u00b0C (1400\\u20131450 \\u00b0F).\"\n ];\n\n const table9Notes = [\n \"(a) O, oil quench; A, air cool; S, salt bath quench; W, water quench; B, brine quench.\",\n \"(b) When the high-temperature heating is carried out in a salt bath, the range of temperatures should be about 14 \\u00b0C (25 \\u00b0F) lower than given here.\",\n \"(c) Double tempering recommended for not less than 1 h at temperature each time.\",\n \"(d) Triple tempering recommended for not less than 1 h at temperature each time.\",\n \"(e) Times apply to open furnace heat treatment. For pack hardening, a common rule is to heat 1.2 min per mm (30 min per in.) of cross section of the pack.\",\n \"(f) Preferable for large tools to minimize decarburization.\",\n \"(g) Carburizing temperature.\",\n \"(h) After carburizing.\",\n \"(i) Carburized per case hardness.\",\n \"(j) P21 is a precipitation-hardening steel having a thermal treatment that involves solution treating and aging rather than hardening and tempering.\",\n \"(k) Recommended for large tools and tools with intricate sections.\"\n ];\n\n \/* ===== Render functions ===== *\/\n function esc(s) {\n if (s === \"\\u2014\") return '<span class=\"aobo-dash\">\\u2014<\/span>';\n if (\/do not|not required\/i.test(s)) return '<span class=\"aobo-no\">' + s + '<\/span>';\n return s;\n }\n\n function renderTable8() {\n let html = '';\n table8Data.forEach((cat, idx) => {\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-section' + (idx === 0 ? '' : ' collapsed') + '\" data-cat=\"' + idx + '\">';\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-header\"><div class=\"aobo-cat-title\">' + cat.category + ' <span class=\"aobo-cat-badge\">' + cat.rows.length + ' grades<\/span><\/div><span class=\"aobo-cat-toggle\">\\u25BC<\/span><\/div>';\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-body\"><table class=\"aobo-ht-table\"><thead><tr>';\n html += '<th>Type<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Normalizing (a)<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Annealing \\u00b0C<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Annealing \\u00b0F<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Cooling max \\u00b0C\/h<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Cooling max \\u00b0F\/h<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Hardness, HB<\/th>';\n html += '<\/tr><\/thead><tbody>';\n cat.rows.forEach(r => {\n html += '<tr data-grade=\"' + r.grade.toLowerCase() + '\">';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-grade-cell\">' + r.grade + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.normalizing) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.annC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.annF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.coolC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.coolF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.hardness) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<\/tr>';\n });\n html += '<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>';\n });\n return html;\n }\n\n function renderTable9() {\n let html = '';\n table9Data.forEach((cat, idx) => {\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-section' + (idx === 0 ? '' : ' collapsed') + '\" data-cat=\"' + idx + '\">';\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-header\"><div class=\"aobo-cat-title\">' + cat.category + ' <span class=\"aobo-cat-badge\">' + cat.rows.length + ' grades<\/span><\/div><span class=\"aobo-cat-toggle\">\\u25BC<\/span><\/div>';\n html += '<div class=\"aobo-cat-body\"><table class=\"aobo-ht-table\"><thead><tr>';\n html += '<th>Type<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Rate of heating<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Preheat \\u00b0C<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Preheat \\u00b0F<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Hardening \\u00b0C<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Hardening \\u00b0F<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Time, min<\/th>';\n html += '<th>Quench (a)<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-c-col\">Tempering \\u00b0C<\/th>';\n html += '<th class=\"aobo-f-col\">Tempering \\u00b0F<\/th>';\n html += '<\/tr><\/thead><tbody>';\n cat.rows.forEach(r => {\n html += '<tr data-grade=\"' + r.grade.toLowerCase() + '\">';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-grade-cell\">' + r.grade + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.heating) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.preC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.preF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.hardC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.hardF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.time) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td>' + esc(r.quench) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-c-col\">' + esc(r.tempC) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<td class=\"aobo-f-col\">' + esc(r.tempF) + '<\/td>';\n html += '<\/tr>';\n });\n html += '<\/tbody><\/table><\/div><\/div>';\n });\n return html;\n }\n\n function renderFootnotes(notes) {\n let html = '<h3>Notes & References<\/h3><ol>';\n notes.forEach(n => { html += '<li>' + n + '<\/li>'; });\n html += '<\/ol>';\n return html;\n }\n\n \/* ===== Init ===== *\/\n const root = document.getElementById('aoboHtRef');\n const table8El = document.getElementById('aoboTable8');\n const table9El = document.getElementById('aoboTable9');\n const footnotesEl = document.getElementById('aoboFootnotes');\n const searchInput = document.getElementById('aoboSearchInput');\n const resetBtn = document.getElementById('aoboResetBtn');\n const noResultsEl = document.getElementById('aoboNoResults');\n let currentTab = 'table8';\n\n table8El.innerHTML = renderTable8();\n table9El.innerHTML = renderTable9();\n footnotesEl.innerHTML = renderFootnotes(table8Notes);\n\n \/* Tab switching *\/\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-tab').forEach(tab => {\n tab.addEventListener('click', function () {\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-tab').forEach(t => t.classList.remove('active'));\n this.classList.add('active');\n currentTab = this.dataset.tab;\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-table-area').forEach(a => a.classList.remove('active'));\n (currentTab === 'table8' ? table8El : table9El).classList.add('active');\n footnotesEl.innerHTML = renderFootnotes(currentTab === 'table8' ? table8Notes : table9Notes);\n applySearch();\n });\n });\n\n \/* Unit toggle *\/\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button').forEach(btn => {\n btn.addEventListener('click', function () {\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button').forEach(b => b.classList.remove('active'));\n this.classList.add('active');\n const unit = this.dataset.unit;\n root.classList.remove('hide-c', 'hide-f');\n if (unit === 'c') root.classList.add('hide-f');\n else if (unit === 'f') root.classList.add('hide-c');\n });\n });\n\n \/* Category collapse *\/\n document.addEventListener('click', function (e) {\n const header = e.target.closest('.aobo-cat-header');\n if (header) {\n header.parentElement.classList.toggle('collapsed');\n }\n });\n\n \/* Search *\/\n function applySearch() {\n const term = searchInput.value.trim().toLowerCase();\n const activeArea = currentTab === 'table8' ? table8El : table9El;\n const rows = activeArea.querySelectorAll('tbody tr');\n let matchCount = 0;\n\n rows.forEach(row => {\n const grade = row.dataset.grade || '';\n if (!term || grade.indexOf(term) !== -1) {\n row.classList.remove('aobo-no-match');\n row.classList.add('aobo-match');\n if (term) matchCount++;\n else row.classList.remove('aobo-match');\n } else {\n row.classList.add('aobo-no-match');\n row.classList.remove('aobo-match');\n }\n });\n\n \/* Expand all categories when searching *\/\n if (term) {\n activeArea.querySelectorAll('.aobo-cat-section').forEach(s => s.classList.remove('collapsed'));\n noResultsEl.style.display = matchCount === 0 ? 'block' : 'none';\n } else {\n noResultsEl.style.display = 'none';\n \/* Collapse all except first *\/\n activeArea.querySelectorAll('.aobo-cat-section').forEach((s, i) => {\n if (i > 0) s.classList.add('collapsed');\n else s.classList.remove('collapsed');\n });\n }\n }\n\n searchInput.addEventListener('input', applySearch);\n\n resetBtn.addEventListener('click', function () {\n searchInput.value = '';\n applySearch();\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button').forEach(b => b.classList.remove('active'));\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button[data-unit=\"c\"]')[0].classList.add('active');\n document.querySelectorAll('.aobo-unit-toggle button[data-unit=\"both\"]')[0].classList.add('active');\n root.classList.remove('hide-c', 'hide-f');\n });\n\n})();\n<\/script>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tool Steel Heat Treatment Reference | Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering Tool Steel Heat Treatment Data Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering of Tool Steels Complete reference for heat-treating temperatures of all major tool steel grades. Search by grade name, toggle between °C and °F, and expand each category group for full specification data. Normalizing & […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17168,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-17163","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n<title>Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart - AoboSteel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"AoboSteel\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61565368220197\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1254\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1254\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"TechArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Evan\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/96118415c30ca6bb52eaf1127b052ef7\"},\"headline\":\"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-31T01:28:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":288,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\",\"name\":\"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart - AoboSteel\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-07-31T01:28:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00\",\"description\":\"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/07\\\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png\",\"width\":1254,\"height\":1254},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u9996\u9875\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"AoboSteel\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"AoboSteel\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/01\\\/cropped-aobo-steel-1.avif\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/01\\\/cropped-aobo-steel-1.avif\",\"width\":1052,\"height\":592,\"caption\":\"AoboSteel\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/profile.php?id=61565368220197\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/aobosteel-evan\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/96118415c30ca6bb52eaf1127b052ef7\",\"name\":\"Evan\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Evan\"},\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/www.aobosteel.com\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/profile.php?id=61565368220197\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/aobosteel\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/aobosteel-evan\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/AobosteelEvan\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@aobosteel\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/aobosteel.com\\\/es\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/admin\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart - AoboSteel","description":"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","og_locale":"es_MX","og_type":"article","og_title":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart","og_description":"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.","og_url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","og_site_name":"AoboSteel","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61565368220197","article_modified_time":"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1254,"height":1254,"url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tiempo de lectura":"2 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"TechArticle","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/"},"author":{"name":"Evan","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/96118415c30ca6bb52eaf1127b052ef7"},"headline":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart","datePublished":"2026-07-31T01:28:48+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/"},"wordCount":288,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/","name":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart - AoboSteel","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","datePublished":"2026-07-31T01:28:48+00:00","dateModified":"2026-07-31T01:28:50+00:00","description":"Find recommended annealing and normalizing temperatures for AISI, DIN, and JIS tool steels, including D2, H13, A2, O1, P20, M2, W1, and more. Includes hardness after annealing and cooling rate reference tables based on ASM data.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png","width":1254,"height":1254},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/tool-steel-annealing-normalizing-temperature-chart\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u9996\u9875","item":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Tool Steel Annealing & Normalizing Temperature Chart"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/","name":"AoboSteel","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#organization","name":"AoboSteel","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cropped-aobo-steel-1.avif","contentUrl":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/cropped-aobo-steel-1.avif","width":1052,"height":592,"caption":"AoboSteel"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61565368220197","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/aobosteel-evan\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/#\/schema\/person\/96118415c30ca6bb52eaf1127b052ef7","name":"Evan","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/8e402f2e6f36093f0bf1855dbf79269cde23cd659c44eefdd7ecf7ff9c05786f?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Evan"},"sameAs":["http:\/\/www.aobosteel.com","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61565368220197","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/aobosteel\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/aobosteel-evan\/","https:\/\/x.com\/AobosteelEvan","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@aobosteel"],"url":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/blog\/author\/admin\/"}]}},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-300x300.png",300,300,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-768x768.png",768,768,true],"large":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-1024x1024.png",1024,1024,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-12x12.png",12,12,true]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Evan","author_link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/blog\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Tool Steel Heat Treatment Reference | Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering Tool Steel Heat Treatment Data Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering of Tool Steels Complete reference for heat-treating temperatures of all major tool steel grades. Search by grade name, toggle between °C and °F, and expand each category group for full specification data. Normalizing &…","rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-150x150.png",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-300x300.png",300,300,true],"large":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-1024x1024.png",1024,1024,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels.png",1254,1254,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Normalizing-Annealing-Hardening-Tempering-of-Tool-Steels-12x12.png",12,12,true]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Evan","author_link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/blog\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"Tool Steel Heat Treatment Reference | Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering Tool Steel Heat Treatment Data Normalizing, Annealing, Hardening & Tempering of Tool Steels Complete reference for heat-treating temperatures of all major tool steel grades. Search by grade name, toggle between °C and °F, and expand each category group for full specification data. Normalizing &…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17163","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17163"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17163\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17169,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17163\/revisions\/17169"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17163"}],"curies":[{"name":"gracias","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}