{"id":12019,"date":"2026-01-08T11:32:13","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T03:32:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=12019"},"modified":"2026-04-02T14:35:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T06:35:00","slug":"selection-of-tool-steel-for-copper-and-brass-extrusion","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/selection-of-tool-steel-for-copper-and-brass-extrusion\/","title":{"rendered":"Selecci\u00f3n de aceros para herramientas de extrusi\u00f3n de cobre y lat\u00f3n | Proveedor H21 H26"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Selecci\u00f3n de acero para herramientas para extrusi\u00f3n de cobre y lat\u00f3n<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

En la extrusi\u00f3n de cobre y lat\u00f3n, un lingote calentado se fuerza a trav\u00e9s de una matriz a alta presi\u00f3n para formar perfiles continuos. Las temperaturas t\u00edpicas del proceso oscilan entre 650 y 1100 \u00b0C, con presiones unitarias que superan los 690 MPa y alcanzan hasta 1035 MPa en operaciones de alta exigencia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En estas condiciones, el fallo de las herramientas se debe principalmente a tres mecanismos:
Deformaci\u00f3n pl\u00e1stica a temperaturas elevadas, desgaste superficial por flujo de metal y fatiga t\u00e9rmica causada por ciclos repetidos de calentamiento y enfriamiento. Estos mecanismos determinan directamente la vida \u00fatil y la estabilidad dimensional de la herramienta y, por lo tanto, definen los requisitos para la selecci\u00f3n del acero para herramientas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Factores de selecci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

La selecci\u00f3n del acero para herramientas debe tener en cuenta los modos de fallo predominantes en la extrusi\u00f3n de cobre y lat\u00f3n, en lugar de las propiedades generales del material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dureza en caliente y resistencia al revenido
<\/strong>A la temperatura de extrusi\u00f3n, una resistencia insuficiente en caliente provoca la deformaci\u00f3n pl\u00e1stica de los cojinetes de la matriz y la p\u00e9rdida de precisi\u00f3n dimensional. El acero debe conservar su dureza y resistencia a la compresi\u00f3n bajo una exposici\u00f3n t\u00e9rmica prolongada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resistencia al desgaste y a la erosi\u00f3n
<\/strong>El flujo continuo de metal provoca p\u00e9rdida de material superficial, especialmente en zonas de alta velocidad. Los aceros para herramientas deben contener carburos estables para resistir la abrasi\u00f3n y evitar la r\u00e1pida degradaci\u00f3n del perfil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resistencia al impacto
<\/strong>Las fluctuaciones de carga durante la entrada del lingote y el flujo inestable pueden generar tensiones localizadas. Una tenacidad insuficiente provoca agrietamiento o fallos en los bordes, especialmente en zonas de alta tensi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Resistencia a la fatiga t\u00e9rmica (prueba de calor)
<\/strong>Los ciclos repetidos de calentamiento y enfriamiento generan grietas superficiales que se propagan con el tiempo. La resistencia a la fatiga t\u00e9rmica es fundamental para mantener la integridad de la superficie del chip y su vida \u00fatil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceros para herramientas recomendados<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En funci\u00f3n del equilibrio entre la resistencia al calor, la resistencia al desgaste y la resistencia a la fatiga t\u00e9rmica, se utilizan los siguientes grados para diferentes funciones de las herramientas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Acero para herramientas AISI H10 | 1.2365 | SKD7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El acero H10 se selecciona cuando la fatiga t\u00e9rmica es el principal modo de fallo, en lugar del desgaste. Ofrece mayor resistencia al agrietamiento por calor que los aceros a base de tungsteno, lo que lo hace adecuado para mandriles y bloques de prueba en la extrusi\u00f3n de lat\u00f3n, donde los ciclos de temperatura son frecuentes. Su dureza t\u00edpica es de 42 a 48 HRC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Enviar consulta ahora<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Ver detalles de suministro de material H10<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

Acero para herramientas AISI H21 | 1.2581 | SKD5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El acero H21 se selecciona cuando la resistencia al ablandamiento t\u00e9rmico es el requisito principal. Mantiene su resistencia bajo altas temperaturas y cargas de compresi\u00f3n sostenidas, lo que lo hace adecuado para matrices de extrusi\u00f3n y bloques de prueba. Su dureza de trabajo t\u00edpica es de 42 a 48 HRC para reducir el riesgo de agrietamiento bajo carga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Enviar consulta ahora<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Ver detalles de suministro de materiales H21<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

AISI H12<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El acero H12 se selecciona para componentes sometidos a altas cargas mec\u00e1nicas pero con baja exposici\u00f3n t\u00e9rmica. Su mayor tenacidad reduce el riesgo de agrietamiento bajo presi\u00f3n, lo que lo hace adecuado para componentes de soporte como revestimientos, pistones y travesa\u00f1os. Su dureza t\u00edpica es de 40 a 46 HRC.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

AISI H19<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El acero H19 se utiliza en las condiciones m\u00e1s extremas, donde se requiere soportar altas temperaturas y presiones sin que se produzca reblandecimiento. La adici\u00f3n de cobalto mejora la resistencia al reblandecimiento t\u00e9rmico, lo que permite mantener la estabilidad dimensional. Se emplea habitualmente para insertos y n\u00facleos de matrices con una dureza de 45 a 52 HRC.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\n

AISI H26<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El H26 se utiliza en condiciones m\u00e1s severas, donde las altas temperaturas y el flujo m\u00e1s intenso del metal aceleran el desgaste. En comparaci\u00f3n con el H21, ofrece mayor resistencia al desgaste y la erosi\u00f3n a altas temperaturas, pero menor tenacidad. Se aplica t\u00edpicamente en matrices de alta carga que operan a 45-50 HRC.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tabla de resumen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Grado de acero para herramientas<\/td>Base de aleaci\u00f3n<\/td>Dureza de trabajo<\/td>Ventaja primaria<\/td>Aplicaci\u00f3n t\u00edpica<\/td><\/tr>
AISI H21<\/td>Tungsteno<\/td>42\u201348 HRC<\/td>Resistencia al ablandamiento t\u00e9rmico bajo carga<\/td>Troqueles de extrusi\u00f3n, bloques ficticios<\/td><\/tr>
AISI H26<\/td>Tungsteno<\/td>45\u201350 HRC<\/td>Resistencia al desgaste y a la erosi\u00f3n a altas temperaturas<\/td>Matrices de carga pesada<\/td><\/tr>
AISI H10<\/td>Cromo<\/td>42\u201348 HRC<\/td>Resistencia a la fatiga t\u00e9rmica (agrietamiento por calor)<\/td>Mandriles, bloques de prueba<\/td><\/tr>
AISI H19<\/td>Cr-W-Co<\/td>45\u201352 HRC<\/td>Estabilidad bajo condiciones combinadas de alta temperatura y presi\u00f3n.<\/td>Insertos de troquel, n\u00facleos<\/td><\/tr>
AISI H12<\/td>Cromo<\/td>40\u201346 HRC<\/td>Alta tenacidad bajo carga de compresi\u00f3n<\/td>Revestimientos, arietes, refuerzos<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Selection of Tool Steel for Copper and Brass Extrusion In copper and brass extrusion, a heated billet is forced through a die under high pressure to form continuous profiles. Typical process temperatures range from 650\u20131100\u00b0C, with unit pressures exceeding 690 MPa and reaching up to 1035 MPa in heavy-duty operations. Under these conditions, tooling failure […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"content-type":"knowledge-article","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12019","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nCopper & Brass Extrusion Tool Steel Selection | H21 H26 Supplier | AoboSteel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to select tool steel for copper and brass extrusion. Compare H21, H26, H10, H19 and H12 based on hot strength, wear and thermal fatigue. Bulk supply available from Aobo Steel.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/selection-of-tool-steel-for-copper-and-brass-extrusion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_MX\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Copper & Brass Extrusion Tool Steel Selection | H21 H26 Supplier\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn how to select tool steel for copper and brass extrusion. Compare H21, H26, H10, H19 and H12 based on hot strength, wear and thermal fatigue. 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Typical process temperatures range from 650\u20131100\u00b0C, with unit pressures exceeding 690 MPa and reaching up to 1035 MPa in heavy-duty operations. Under these conditions, tooling failure…","rttpg_featured_image_url":null,"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"Evan","author_link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/blog\/author\/admin\/"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":null,"rttpg_excerpt":"Selection of Tool Steel for Copper and Brass Extrusion In copper and brass extrusion, a heated billet is forced through a die under high pressure to form continuous profiles. Typical process temperatures range from 650\u20131100\u00b0C, with unit pressures exceeding 690 MPa and reaching up to 1035 MPa in heavy-duty operations. 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