{"id":12005,"date":"2026-01-07T13:15:19","date_gmt":"2026-01-07T05:15:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/?page_id=12005"},"modified":"2026-04-02T15:02:08","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T07:02:08","slug":"selection-of-tool-steel-for-fine-blanking-dies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aobosteel.com\/es\/selection-of-tool-steel-for-fine-blanking-dies\/","title":{"rendered":"Selecci\u00f3n de aceros para herramientas de troquelado de precisi\u00f3n | Gu\u00eda D2, A2, S7 | Aobo Steel"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Selecci\u00f3n de acero para herramientas para matrices de corte fino<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

El troquelado de precisi\u00f3n es un proceso de conformado en fr\u00edo de alta precisi\u00f3n dise\u00f1ado para producir bordes completamente cortados con m\u00ednimas zonas de fractura. Mediante la aplicaci\u00f3n de un indentador en forma de anillo en V, el material se somete a una alta tensi\u00f3n de compresi\u00f3n antes del corte, lo que favorece el flujo pl\u00e1stico en lugar de la propagaci\u00f3n de grietas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En comparaci\u00f3n con el troquelado convencional, esto resulta en una presi\u00f3n de contacto significativamente mayor, holguras m\u00e1s ajustadas (normalmente alrededor de 11 TP 3T del espesor de la chapa) y una fricci\u00f3n severa en la interfaz de corte. Al mismo tiempo, los punzones deben soportar fuertes fuerzas de extracci\u00f3n y eyecci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En estas condiciones, la falla de la herramienta se debe principalmente al desgaste abrasivo, al desgaste adhesivo (agarrotamiento) y al astillamiento del filo por concentraciones de tensi\u00f3n. Por lo tanto, la selecci\u00f3n del acero de la herramienta determina directamente la estabilidad del filo y la vida \u00fatil de la matriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Factores de selecci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El principal desaf\u00edo en el troquelado de precisi\u00f3n reside en mantener la integridad del filo bajo un desgaste simult\u00e1neo y una tensi\u00f3n de compresi\u00f3n extrema.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se requiere una alta dureza para resistir el desgaste y mantener tolerancias ajustadas. Sin embargo, un aumento de la dureza reduce la tenacidad, lo que hace que el filo de corte sea m\u00e1s propenso a astillarse bajo carga. En el troquelado de precisi\u00f3n, una vez que se inician microfisuras en el filo, estas se propagan r\u00e1pidamente, lo que provoca una falla prematura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por este motivo, el acero debe proporcionar la tenacidad suficiente para absorber sobrecargas localizadas, al tiempo que mantiene una resistencia al desgaste suficiente para evitar una r\u00e1pida degradaci\u00f3n de los filos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La fricci\u00f3n en la interfaz de corte complica a\u00fan m\u00e1s la selecci\u00f3n. La alta presi\u00f3n de contacto favorece la adhesi\u00f3n del material a la superficie del punz\u00f3n, especialmente en series de producci\u00f3n largas. Esto aumenta el riesgo de agarrotamiento y acelera el desgaste. En la pr\u00e1ctica, los aceros con una microestructura poco uniforme son m\u00e1s propensos a la iniciaci\u00f3n de grietas y a un comportamiento de desgaste inestable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En consecuencia, la vida \u00fatil de la herramienta depende del equilibrio entre la resistencia al desgaste generada por los carburos y la tenacidad de la matriz, en lugar de depender \u00fanicamente de la dureza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aceros para herramientas recomendados<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En el troquelado de precisi\u00f3n, los distintos componentes del juego de troqueles requieren propiedades de material diferentes. La selecci\u00f3n debe basarse en la funci\u00f3n, en lugar de utilizar un \u00fanico grado de material.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Acero para herramientas AISI A2 | 1.2363 | SKD12<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El acero A2 se utiliza normalmente para placas de anillo en V, porta-punzones y otros componentes estructurales donde la resistencia al agrietamiento es fundamental.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ofrece mayor tenacidad que los aceros con alto contenido de carbono y cromo, lo que le permite soportar fuerzas combinadas de compresi\u00f3n y desmoldeo sin fracturarse. Su estabilidad dimensional durante el tratamiento t\u00e9rmico tambi\u00e9n contribuye a mantener la alineaci\u00f3n de la matriz y el control de la holgura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El acero A2 se aplica generalmente con una dureza de 57 a 60 HRC y es adecuado para vol\u00famenes de producci\u00f3n moderados o aplicaciones donde el riesgo de astillamiento es una preocupaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Enviar consulta ahora<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Ver detalles de suministro de material A2<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

Acero para herramientas AISI D2 | 1.2379 | SKD11<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El acero D2 es la opci\u00f3n est\u00e1ndar para filos de corte en operaciones de troquelado de precisi\u00f3n de alto volumen, donde la resistencia al desgaste es el factor limitante en la vida \u00fatil de la herramienta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su alto contenido en carburo proporciona una excelente resistencia al desgaste abrasivo, lo que permite que la matriz mantenga bordes afilados y tolerancias ajustadas durante largos periodos de funcionamiento. Sin embargo, su menor tenacidad la hace m\u00e1s sensible al astillamiento de los bordes bajo condiciones de carga inestables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El D2 ofrece los mejores resultados en procesos estables con impacto controlado y se suele utilizar a una dureza de 58-62 HRC.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Enviar consulta ahora<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Ver detalles de suministro de material D2<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

Proveedor de acero para herramientas AISI S7 | DIN 1.2355<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

El acero S7 se utiliza para componentes estructurales sometidos a cargas elevadas, como placas de presi\u00f3n y retenedores. Estas piezas absorben importantes fuerzas de compresi\u00f3n e impacto durante su funcionamiento.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su elevada resistencia al impacto evita el agrietamiento bajo cargas repetidas, lo que la hace fiable para aplicaciones de soporte sometidas a altas tensiones. Sin embargo, debido a su menor resistencia al desgaste, no es adecuada para filos de corte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

El acero S7 se somete normalmente a un tratamiento t\u00e9rmico para alcanzar una dureza de 54-58 HRC con el fin de maximizar su tenacidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Enviar consulta ahora<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Ver detalles de suministro de material S7<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n

Aceros de alta velocidad PM (metalurgia de polvos)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Los aceros r\u00e1pidos PM se utilizan en aplicaciones exigentes de troquelado de precisi\u00f3n donde se requiere simult\u00e1neamente resistencia al desgaste y tenacidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su microestructura uniforme reduce el n\u00famero de puntos de inicio de grietas en comparaci\u00f3n con el acero D2 convencional, disminuyendo significativamente el riesgo de astillamiento de los bordes. Al mismo tiempo, mantienen una alta dureza y resistencia al desgaste, lo que los hace id\u00f3neos para operaciones de alta carga y alta precisi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Estos aceros se utilizan normalmente con niveles de dureza superiores a 60 HRC cuando la vida \u00fatil prolongada de la herramienta y la estabilidad del proceso son factores cr\u00edticos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Tabla de resumen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Grado de acero para herramientas<\/td>Dureza t\u00edpica<\/td>Principal ventaja de los troqueles de troquelado de precisi\u00f3n<\/td><\/tr>
AISI A2<\/td>57\u201360 HRC<\/td>Mayor resistencia; adecuado para piezas estructurales y cargas moderadas.<\/td><\/tr>
AISI D2<\/td>58\u201362 HRC<\/td>Alta resistencia al desgaste; ideal para largas series de producci\u00f3n.<\/td><\/tr>
AISI S7<\/td>54\u201358 HRC<\/td>Alta resistencia al impacto; se utiliza para componentes de soporte.<\/td><\/tr>
PM de alta velocidad<\/td>60\u201364+ HRC<\/td>Combina resistencia al desgaste y dureza; reduce el riesgo de astillamiento.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Selection of Tool Steel for Fine Blanking Dies Fine blanking is a precision cold forming process designed to produce fully sheared edges with minimal fracture zones. By applying a V-ring indenter, the material is subjected to high compressive stress before shearing, thereby promoting plastic flow rather than crack propagation. Compared with conventional blanking, this results […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"content-type":"knowledge-article","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-12005","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nFine Blanking Tool Steel Selection | D2, A2, S7 Guide | Aobo Steel<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to select tool steel for fine blanking dies. 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